Ensatina Salamanders Are Heading For a Family Split | Deep Look скачать в хорошем качестве

Ensatina Salamanders Are Heading For a Family Split | Deep Look

Ensatinas are a sprawling group of colorful salamanders, each one with different strategies for avoiding predators, from bold warning colors to confusing camouflage. Their diverse family tree offers us a rare snapshot of millions of years of evolution – how one species becomes many. SUBSCRIBE to Deep Look! http://goo.gl/8NwXqt DEEP LOOK is a ultra-HD (4K) short video series created by KQED San Francisco and presented by PBS Digital Studios. See the unseen at the very edge of our visible world. Explore big scientific mysteries by going incredibly small. --- Even though they sport different colors and behaviors, and are spread out across the Western coastal states, from Canada to Baja California, they are still considered one species. That is because all types of ensatinas are able to mate and have offspring with each of their neighbors. But when researchers look more closely, the two types of ensatinas at the southern tips of their range — the Monterey ensatina and the large-blotched ensatina — only rarely mate and have offspring where their populations overlap. Some combination of genetic differences, habitat preference and behavior are keeping the lineages separate. This makes ensatina salamanders a rare example of a “ring species” — an animal that spread and adapted around a geographic barrier — in this case, California’s dry Central Valley — only to come back together millions of years later as near strangers. A ring species like the ensatina is unique in that it neatly illustrates the rich story of evolution — an idea that English biologist Charles Darwin and others have supported with countless studies since 1859, when Darwin published his landmark book “On the Origin of Species.” Evolutionary scientists are looking at ensatinas to build on Darwin’s original ideas about how species form; and as a way to help understand biodiversity all across the planet. ---+ Are ensatina salamanders poisonous? They can exude a slightly toxic milky substance from poison glands in their tails, but this substance is not dangerous to predators. ---+ What is the difference between a salamander and a newt? Newts are a type of salamander, belonging to a subfamily called Pleurodelinae of the family Salamandridae. Most newts have webbed feet and a paddle-like tail, which make it easier to live in the water during the aquatic stages of their lives. Salamanders typically have longer and more rounded tails with well-developed toes for digging in soil. ---+ More info Tom Devitt on ensatinas: https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolib... More Barry Sinervo's work here: Lizards Have Been Playing Rock-Paper-Scissors for 15 Million Years”    • These Lizards Have Been Playing Rock-...   ---+ Read the entire article on KQED Science: https://www.kqed.org/science/1966227/... ---+ Shoutout! 🏆Congratulations🏆 to the following five fans on our Community Tab for being the first to name all 3 newt species the ensatina mimics! Mildred Tara Damer Tim Garcia Noah K. Jones LunarGaming54 (Taricha torosa - California newt, Taricha sierrae - Sierra newt, and Taricha granulosa - Rough-skinned newt.) ---+ Thank you to our Top Patreon Supporters ($10+ per month)! Alex Alexandre Valdetaro Aurora Aurora Mitchell Bill Cass Blanca Vides Burt Humburg Caitlin McDonough Carlos Carrasco Chris B Emrick Chris Murphy Cindy McGill Companion Cube Cristen Rasmussen Daisuke Goto dane rosseter Daniel Pang Daniel Weinstein David Deshpande Dean Skoglund Dia Dogman Egg-Roll Elizabeth Ann Ditz Geidi Rodriguez Gerardo Alfaro Guillaume Morin Joao Ascensao Josh Kuroda Joshua Murallon Robertson Julie Smith Devous Justin Bull Kallie Moore Karen Reynolds Kevin Judge Kristy Freeman KW Laura Sanborn Laurel Przybylski Leonhardt Wille Levi Cai Louis O'Neill luna Mary Truland Misia Clive monoirre Nathan Wright Nicolette Ray Noreen Herrington Pamela Parker Pauley Rick Wong Robert Amling Roberta K Wright Sayantan Dasgupta Sharon Merritt Shebastian Reyes Shelley Pearson Cranshaw Silvan Wendland Sonia Tanlimco Steven Supernovabetty Syniurge Tea Torvinen Teresa Lavell TierZoo Titania Juang ---+ Follow KQED Science and Deep Look: Instagram:   / kqedscience   Twitter:   / kqedscience   KQED Science on kqed.org: http://www.kqed.org/science ---+ About KQED KQED, an NPR and PBS affiliate in San Francisco, CA, serves Northern California and beyond with a public-supported alternative to commercial TV, Radio and web media. Funding for Deep Look is provided in part by PBS Digital Studios. Deep Look is a project of KQED Science, the largest science and environment reporting unit in California. KQED Science is supported by The National Science Foundation, the Dirk and Charlene Kabcenell Foundation, the Vadasz Family Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Campaign 21 and the members of KQED. #ensatina #salamander #deeplook