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Gas Molecules I Vacuum Pumps

Consider a block of ice. The molecules are arranged so that they touch each other without enough energy to move apart and also without enough energy to flow and move relative to each other. It's incompressible and it resists flow. 👉Website: http://bit.ly/2M2Emt6 Now we heat the ice and we provide some energy to those water molecules. The ice starts to melt as the molecules overcome their resistance to flow. The molecules are still touching each other, the electrostatic force is holding them close to each other and prevents them from diffusing out into the atmosphere. Since they are closely packed, they can't be squeezed any closer together. The liquid is incompressible. Continue to heat the liquid and at a certain point, we give enough energy to the molecules to overcome the surface tension and diffuse out as vapor. When a water droplet evaporates from room temperature, the droplet spreads out to about 1500 times its previous size. Every individual molecule is now able to move around with great speed and in fact, they move roughly at the speed of sound. Each molecule is now bouncing around, interacting with the others and with each interaction applying a force and we witness these interactions as the pressure of the gas. If we provide more energy to the gas in the form of temperature, the molecules bounce around more vigorously and the pressure, as a result, increases. If we squeeze more molecules into the same volume, they will interact more frequently and again pressure will increase. If we do the reverse and remove the molecules from a vessel, the remaining molecules less frequent interactions and as a result pressure we measure will be lower. So, a vacuum can be an environment with fewer molecules per unit volume or an environment where the molecules have less heat energy. A compressor needs to trap gas molecules at atmospheric pressure and squeeze them into higher pressure region at the exhaust. Creating a vacuum is the same task. Vacuum pumps must trap molecules from a lower pressure region which is often a vessel and squeeze them out to the higher pressure atmospheric conditions at the exhaust. When they do that, remaining air molecules in that vessel must spread out and as a result, the pressure decreases. 👉Follow us on Facebook: http://bit.ly/2LFheBG 👉Subscribe us on YouTube: http://bit.ly/2LDXMFN #atlascopco #sustainable_productivity #industrial_vacuum_pump