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Nutrient Absorption

Nutrients are absorbed by the body using chemical and mechanical means. Digestion begins in the mouth with chewing and the release of salivary amylase that begins breaking down starch. Food then moves through the esophagus and into the stomach where more enzymes are added to further aid the break down of important nutrients. After, food moves to the small intestine where the majority of nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream with the help of increased surface area due to the presence of villi and microvilli. The large intestine absorbs most of the excess water and undigested material is eliminated by the digestive system as feces. Liquid waste is eliminated by the excretory system as urine.