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proctocolectomy

Surgical removal of the colon and rectum. It is the most widely accepted surgical method for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis. (Variations of the procedure) • end ileostomy: Connects the end of the small intestine to a stoma (permanent opening in the abdomen) and then to an ostomy pouch (external bag). • ileostomy reversal: A temporary ileostomy. It may be done in an emergency. It is not always possible to reverse an ileostomy. When making sure that the bowel is working properly, it can reverse or close the stoma. • ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (ileoanal anastomosis, J-pouch): Attaches the end of the small intestine directly to the rectum. The stool is held in a pouch (created from the small intestine) that is made on the inside, and eliminated through the anus. The pouch is often shaped like a "J", "S", and "W". It avoids the need for a stoma for passing bowel movements. (Comparisons) • proctocolectomy: Surgical removal of the colon and rectum. • colectomy: Surgical removal of the colon. The ileum will be joined to the rectum. Stool can be passed through the anus without the need for an external pouch. • hemicolectomy: Surgical removal of part of the colon. • sigmoidectomy (sigmoid colectomy): Surgical removal of the sigmoid colon. • Hartmann's procedure: Surgical removal of the sigmoid colon and sometimes part of the rectum too. It offers superior palliation compared with abdominoperineal resection because it provides good symptomatic control without any perineal wound complications and pain. • proctosigmoidectomy: Surgical removal of the sigmoid colon and rectum. • proctectomy: Surgical removal of all or part of the rectum. • abdominoperineal resection: Surgical removal of the anus, rectum, and part of the sigmoid colon. The end of the intestine is attached to an opening in the surface of the abdomen and body waste is collected in a disposable bag outside of the body (colostomy).