Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis | Introduction скачать в хорошем качестве

Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis | Introduction

sqadia.com gives you Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, for thorough and better learning, this video is divided into 2 parts. This particular part is about Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis, or SSC Pathology you can say, while in the upcoming video we’ll be discussing Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Management. ▬ 📌 What is Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma? Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma or Oral SCC is a malignant neoplasm of the squamous epithelium, affecting the lip vermillion and the oral cavity. It is the 5th most common cancer in the world. Men and Women are equally affected. 👉 Etiology of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma If you have a look on Etiology of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, you may find the following risk factors: 🔵 Tobacco smoking – 70 carcinogens are present in a cigarette, producing free radicals and oxidants. 🔵 Betel Quid (pan) – areca nut is a known carcinogen which is a cause for leukoplakia. 🔵 Alcohol – ethanol is metabolized into Acetaldehyde, which is a carcinogen, watch the video for detail 🔵 Diet and nutrition – Iron deficiency, and some Vitamins play a role in maintaining the integrity of oral mucosa. 🔵 Oncogenic Virus – HPV virus has known oncogenic potential. 🔵 Bacteria and Fungi – Some bacteria produce proinflammatory cytokines, and candida leukoplakia is a risk factor for developing oral SCC. 🔵 Immunosuppression – the immune system is unable to recognize and kill tumor cells at an early stage. 🔵 Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor genes – p53 genes and their functions are explained in detail. ▬ 📌 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis Some of the etiological factors lead to DNA damage, which is either repaired or if goes unchecked causes, activation of oncogenes, inhibition of tumor suppression genes, or defected apoptosis. ✔️Oncogenes – These are derived from proto-oncogenes, which are responsible for overriding the cell cycle phases. ✔️Tumor suppressor genes – P53 gene and RB gene play a role in cellular division ✔️ Apoptosis: Imbalance between Pro and anti-apoptotic factors, leads to defected apoptosis. Watch the video for more detail. ▬ 📌 Most Common Sites of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Common sites of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma are: 🟠 Tongue and Floor of the mouth make up 50% of the cases. This is because of the thin non keratinized mucosa in these areas, the carcinogens can penetrate deep into the basal layer causing mutagenic changes in the basal progenitor cells. 🟠 Gingival and the Alveolar mucosa, invading the underlying bone 🟠 Buccal Mucosa most commonly in betel quid users 🟠 Hard and Soft Palate ▬ 📌 Clinical features of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) Clinical features of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma are: ✔️ Non – healing Ulcer, suspect malignancy if lasts for 6 – 8 weeks ✔️ Leukoplakia – White lesion on the oral mucosa, may vary from thin, thick, nodular to verruciform type ✔️ Erythroplakia – Red velvety textured lesion, shows moderate to severe dysplasia ✔️ Erythro-leukoplakia – Both red and white lesions co-exist at the same time ✔️ Exophytic Lesion – irregular papillary mass with surface ulceration and may vary in color. ✔️ Endophytic Lesion – irregular depressed lesion with rolled borders. ✔️ Lip crusting or ulceration – associated with Actinic Chelitis. Other features include induration fixation to underlying structures, tooth mobility and paraesthesia. So that was all! ▬ 🎬 5500+ sqadia.com Medical Videos ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 👩🏻‍⚕️ Accessible Medical Student Education 24/7/365 💡 Simplifying Medical Learning 💪 Study Hard, Dream Big, Achieve More