Giant Cell Tumour (GCT) Bone. скачать в хорошем качестве

Giant Cell Tumour (GCT) Bone.

Dr Himanshu Tyagi, Senior consultant Orthopaedic & spine surgeon. Phone : 9654095717 MCh Orthopaedics (U.K), FNB Spine surgery, DNB Orthopaedics. Giant Cell Tumor of Bone A giant cell tumor of bone is a type of benign (noncancerous) tumor that has a wide range of behaviors. These tumors typically grow at the ends of the body's long bones. Most often, they appear at the lower end of the femur (thighbone) or upper end of the tibia (shinbone), close to the knee joint. Giant cell tumors usually occur in young adults, and are slightly more common in females. They are quite rare, occurring in only about one out of every one million people per year. Although giant cell tumors are not cancerous, they are aggressive and can destroy the surrounding bone. Treatment for a giant cell tumor almost always involves surgery to remove the tumor and prevent damage to the bone near the affected joint. Many types of bone tumors and other conditions (including normal bone) contain giant cells. The diagnosis of giant cell tumor of bone is made when a large number of giant cells are seen among a background of other abnormal cells. While most bone tumors occur in the flared area near the ends of the body's long bones (metaphysis), giant cell tumors occur almost exclusively in the end portion of the long bones (epiphysis), directly next to the joints. Illustration shows a giant cell tumor at the lower end of the thighbone. This is a common location for the tumors to occur. Most often, the tumors occur close to the knee joint—either in the lower end of the thighbone (femur) or the upper end of the shinbone (tibia). Other common locations include the: Wrist (lower end of the lower arm bone) Hip (upper end of the thighbone) Shoulder (upper end of the upper arm bone) Lower back (connection of the spine and pelvis) In rare cases, a patient can have multiple giant cell tumors in different bones, a  condition called "multi-centric giant cell tumor of bone." Most giant cell tumors occur in patients between 20 and 40 years of age. They do not typically occur in children or in adults older than 65 years of age. They occur slightly more often in females. While giant cell tumors are typically benign (noncancerous), they can grow quickly and destroy bone close to a joint. In rare cases, a giant cell tumor may spread, or metastasize, to the lungs. The most common symptom of a giant cell tumor is pain in the area of the tumor. The patient may also have pain with movement of the nearby joint. This pain usually increases with activity and decreases with rest. The pain is usually mild at first, but gets worse over time as the tumor increases in size. Occasionally, the bone weakened by the tumor breaks and causes the sudden onset of severe pain. Sometimes, the patient will have no pain at all, but will notice a mass or swollen area instead. Without treatment, a giant cell tumor will continue to grow and destroy the surrounding bone, so treatment is always necessary. The goals of treatment are to: Remove the tumor Prevent damage to the bone Avoid recurrence of the tumor Nonsurgical Treatment Nonsurgical treatment may include: Radiation. Radiation therapy may sometimes be used to shrink giant cell tumors in areas where surgery may be difficult to perform without damaging sensitive tissues—such as the spine. However, radiation therapy can result in the formation of cancer in some patients, so it is used only in rare cases. Tumor embolization. During this procedure, specific arteries that supply blood to the tumor are blocked off. Without their supply of oxygen and nutrients, the tumor cells begin to die. Most often, embolization is performed prior to surgery, but it may also be used on its own in cases where surgery cannot be performed. Surgical Treatment Curettage. Curettage is the surgical procedure most commonly used to treat giant cell tumors. In curettage, special instruments are used to scrape the tumor out of the bone. Bone graft. After curettage, the cavity is filled with a bone graft to help stabilize the bone. A bone graft is bone that is taken from a donor (allograft) or from another bone in your own body (autograft)—most often the hip. Your doctor may also use a bone cement mixture to fill the hole. Usually, additional chemicals, such as liquid nitrogen, hydrogen peroxide, or phenol, are placed inside the bone cavity to try to reduce the risk of recurrence. In some cases,  an argon gas laser will be used to help reduce the risk of recurrence. #drhimanshutyagi #giantcelltumour #giantcelltumor Follow us for more! Facebook:   / drhimanshutyagi   Instagram:   / drhimanshurtyagi   Linkedin:   / drhimanshutyagi   चैनल सब्सक्राइव कर Bell बटन दवाएं -https://bit.ly/3HeVHum