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Břeclav

#Břeclav #trip #Morava There was originally a market town by the castle, which was destroyed in the 15th century and then refounded closer to the castle (which is in the area of today's town centre); the original spot has been called Old Břeclav (Stará Břeclav) since that time. Both the (new) market town and village of Old Břeclav were badly damaged in battles during the 17th century. The opening of a railway to Vienna and Brno 1839 (and subsequent extensions to a junction) represented an important event, that brought industrialisation and population growth: from 2,952 inhabitants (of Břeclav and Old Břeclav together) in 1834 to 13,689 in 1930. As a consequence, Břeclav obtained towm status (1872), becoming the seat of the judicial (1850) and political (1949) district. In 1919 three original municipalities merged (Břeclav, Old Břeclav and Jewish Municipality of Břeclav); in 1974 another two – Poštorná and Charvátská Nová Ves (both were parts of Lower Austria until 1920) – were joined. In 1938–1945 Břeclav was a part of Nazi Germany, although the town's population was mostly Czech-speaking. Local Jews (4.3% in 1930) and Hermans (11.6%) were expelled both during and after World war II. Břeclav Castle In the 11th century a border castle was established by Duke Bretislaus I which took his name (in Czech Břetislav → Břeclav). The castle served as one of the ducal administrative centres in medieval Moravia, later becoming a manor house. The Zierotins rebuilt it in Renaissance  style. In 1638 the House of Liechtenstein  gained it, but the family did not reside there and in the early 19th century they rebuilt it to artificial ruins as a part of Lednice- Valtice cultural natural complex.