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𝐎𝐏𝐏𝐑𝐄𝐒𝐒𝐈𝐎𝐍 𝐎𝐅 𝐏𝐄𝐎𝐏𝐋𝐄𝐒 𝐔𝐍𝐃𝐄𝐑 𝐀𝐔𝐓𝐇𝐎𝐑𝐈𝐓𝐀𝐑𝐈𝐀𝐍 𝐑𝐄𝐆𝐈𝐌𝐄𝐒 - 𝐊𝐀𝐁𝐘𝐋𝐈𝐀 𝐂𝐀𝐒𝐄 We present here, translated from french, an excerpt from the conference debate held in Paris on April 24, 2024 on the theme: Oppression of peoples under authoritarian regimes. This excerpt deals with the case of Kabylia. ... The Kabyle people lost his sovereignty at the Battle of Icherriden on 24 June 1857 against the French army. ... It is important to note that there was no signing of any act of surrender or armistice. France arbitrarily annexed Kabylia to French Algeria, which it had just created in 1839. Kabylia did not abdicate and entered a permanent resistance against the French occupier. The Kabyle insurrection of 1871 made it possible to drive the French army out of all Kabyle territory. But the military reinforcements sent from France severely repressed this uprising... ... The war against French colonization from 1954 to 1962 was mainly waged by the Kabyles. From the end of the French colonization in 1962 a military dictatorship was set up in Algiers. A dictatorship of the most fascist, which rests on an Arab-Islamic ideology and which has made the denial of kabylity and amazighity in general its credo. ... The Algerian regime uses all means to reduce Kabylia, including political assassinations... While Kabylia opposes a multifaceted resistance... 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑲𝒂𝒃𝒚𝒍𝒆 𝑺𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 (1980-81 𝒂𝒏𝒅 2001-2003) This uprising against the Algerian dictatorship was provoked by the ban by the Algerian regime of the conference of Mouloud Mammeri on ancient Kabyle poetry. A general strike in Kabylia was launched by Kabyle students. It is followed by the entire population. ... The Algerian regime responded with the intervention of the army and total isolation of the entire Kabyle territory. ... ... Then came the «Black Spring» from 2001 to 2003. The revolt was provoked by the assassination of high school student Guermah Massinissa inside the gendarmerie of At Dwala. ... The Algerian regime responded with fierce repression against young peaceful demonstrators by allowing the use of explosive live ammunition. On June 14, 2001, a gigantic march of about 2.5 million Kabyle demonstrators broke into Algiers. ... This «Black Spring» lasted until 2003 and was marked by sporadic clashes between demonstrators and gendarmes for 2 years. The toll is very heavy: more than 128 dead and nearly 5,000 injured, including many disabled for life. ... 𝑻𝒉𝒆 «𝒁𝒆𝒓𝒐 𝑲𝒂𝒃𝒚𝒍𝒆» 𝑷𝒍𝒂𝒏 (2019) A kind of Machiavellian colloquium, called «zero Kabyle» was organized from 18 to 20 August 2019, under the protection of the Algerian gendarmerie. This Plan aims neither more nor less than the eradication of all Kabyle opposition and the end once and for all of Kabyle irredentism. It paves the way for a new form of all-out repression. ... ... 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒛𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒑𝒐𝒍𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒕𝒚 Since 2019, the regime has intensified its repressive policy towards political activity. In June 2021, article 87-bis of the Criminal Code was promulgated, allowing the regime to classify any act of political opposition as terrorism. ... Under Article 87-bis, hundreds of Kabyles have been convicted. Courageous lawyers who dare to denounce convictions based on empty files and spurious accusations are threatened with death and forced into exile. ... 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑮𝒆𝒏𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒅𝒆 𝑨𝒕𝒕𝒆𝒎𝒑𝒕 (2021) Faced with the rise of the independence movement in Kabylia, the Algerian regime panicked and committed the unthinkable: an attempt at genocide. On 9 August 2021, Kabylia experienced the deadliest fires in its history. ... A large number of simultaneous fires set at precisely the right intervals could only have been caused by the use of sophisticated technical means. There were reports of army helicopters flying overhead and dropping flammable substances, probably white phosphorus. Hundreds of people were burnt to death. Thousands of hectares were burnt and wildlife wiped out. ... 𝑨 𝑺𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒊𝒔𝒕 𝑻𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 (2022) The Algerian political police skilfully practise the techniques of the German Stasi and Ceausescu's Securitate. After a wave of mass arrests and imprisonments of peaceful Kabyle citizens in 2021, the Algerian regime organised a parody of a Stalinist trial in November 2022. A three-day trial during which 102 sentences were handed down, including 54 death sentences. An all-time record. Cases of torture have been reported by prisoners to judges. These subservient judges, in the service of the regime, take no action. 𝑰𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒖𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒍𝒊𝒛𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑰𝑺𝑻𝑵 ... since 2021 the Algerian regime has been innovating by using and abusing the ban on leaving the national territory (ISTN). The aim is to prevent people from testifying in the foreign media about human rights abuses in Algeria and to cut off the Kabyle population from its diaspora in order to undermine the demand for independence. ... 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑲𝒂𝒃𝒚𝒍𝒆 𝒑𝒆𝒐𝒑𝒍𝒆 𝒓𝒆𝒋𝒆𝒄𝒕 𝒂𝒍𝒍 𝑨𝒍𝒈𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑨𝒍𝒈𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒏 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒓𝒆𝒑𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒕𝒐 𝒃𝒆 𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒐𝒏𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝒐𝒄𝒄𝒖𝒑𝒚𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒔. ...