Peptic Ulcer Disease скачать в хорошем качестве

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Peptic Ulcer Disease refers to surface erosions of variable depth in either the stomach or first part of the small intestine referred to as the duodenum. While these two conditions evidence many similarities, there are some differences. Gastric ulcers may be malignant and require special investigation. Most symptoms generally thought of as stemming from peptic ulcer disease actually relate to a different condition now known as functional dyspepsia or non-ulcer dyspepsia. Actually most peptic ulcer disease remains asymptomatic. Until the late 1970s traditional thought accepted that most peptic ulcer disease related to excess acidity in the upper gastrointestinal system along with dietary indiscretions and excessive stress. Treatment directed at correcting these situations failed abysmally and cure often required surgery. In 1982 a bacterial infection of the stomach was determined to be the culprit in a large percentage of cases. Elimination of the bacteria Helicobacter pylori cures many cases of peptic ulcer disease. To accomplish this task requires a combination of several antibiotics for 7-14 days and a pill to create a less acid environment. Reinfection especially in western society remains relatively unusual. The other major cause of peptic ulcer disease relates to aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs including ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac and celebrex. These commonly used over-the-counter and prescription analgesics reduce local production of protective factors which frequently results in peptic ulcer disease. The first manifestation may be gastrointestinal bleeding rather than abdominal pain. Combining low dose aspirin with a NSAID seems especially likely to lead to harm.