Genome duplication, polypoidy & plant traits - Kathy Willis скачать в хорошем качестве

Genome duplication, polypoidy & plant traits - Kathy Willis

At school, we're taught that chromosomes come in pairs (diploid); while this is true for humans, in plants polyploidy (having more than two sets of chromosomes) is common. Here, Kathy Willis explores how polyploidy can make strawberries sweeter, orchids smell differently, and kiwi fruits survive in harsh conditions. But polyploidy also has a darker side... 0:00 Introduction 0:04 What is polyploidy? 0:30 Polyploidy in strawberries 1:03 Polyploidy in fragrant orchids 2:28 Polyploidy in kiwi fruits 3:21 The cons of polyploidy Speaker profile: "I currently hold two jobs. First as the Director of Science at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, and second as a Professor of Biodiversity in the University of Oxford. I spend approximately 80% of my time in Kew and 20% in Oxford. At Kew my role involves the day-to-day oversight of around 230 scientific staff in six departments and Kew’s extensive scientific plant collections ranging from millions of herbarium and fungarium specimens, 2.6 billion seeds in the Millennium Seedbank, to plant DNA and genome size databases. In Oxford, I lead the Oxford Long-Term Ecology Laboratory whose research focuses on the dynamics of species and their interactions with the environment. A recurring theme in my work has been the use of palaeoecological records to inform biodiversity conservation and landscape management, from determining biodiversity baselines, to identification of resilience and thresholds. More recently, research has also included the development of palaeoecological records to examine the temporal dynamics of important ecosystem services, and the development of web-based tools to enable dissemination of science into policy and management. I also currently serve on a number of committees involved with implementation of science into policy. These include as member of the UK’s government’s Natural Capital Committee and on the scientific advisory board of the International Sustainable Biomass Committee. My own academic route has been far from straight-forward – and the best way to probably describe myself is as a natural scientist. I originally did an undergraduate degree in Southampton University in Environmental Science. I then went on to Cambridge University and did a PhD in the Botany department. This was followed by NERC and then Royal Society University Fellowships in the same department. In 1998, I moved to Oxford University to take up a lectureship in Geography (teaching plant sciences!). I developed the Oxford Long-term Ecology Laboratory in the Geography department, set-up and ran an MSc in Biodiversity Conservation and Management, and was made a Professor of Long-term Ecology in 2008. In 2010, I applied for and was appointed to the Tasso Leventis Chair in Biodiversity – but this time in the department of Zoology (?!). I therefore moved my research group to Zoology (where they remain today) and also set-up the Oxford Martin School Biodiversity Institute. I took up the new role of Director of Science at the Royal Botanic Garden’s Kew in 2013." Filmed as part of the Gatsby Plant Science Summer School, 2016.