الجزء الأخير من المفاصل Synovial joints♥️👌🤔. скачать в хорошем качестве

الجزء الأخير من المفاصل Synovial joints♥️👌🤔.

A synovial joint is a type of joint in the human body that allows for a wide range of motion between the bones. It is the most common and most movable type of joint in the body. Key components of a synovial joint include: 1. **Articular Cartilage**: A smooth, slippery tissue that covers the ends of the bones, reducing friction and absorbing shock. 2. **Joint Capsule**: A fibrous tissue that encloses the joint, providing stability. 3. **Synovial Membrane**: The inner lining of the joint capsule, which produces synovial fluid. 4. **Synovial Fluid**: A lubricating fluid within the joint capsule that reduces friction between the articular cartilages during movement. 5. **Ligaments**: Strong, fibrous tissues that connect bones to each other, providing support and limiting the range of movement to prevent dislocation. 6. **Menisci (in certain joints)**: Crescent-shaped cartilage structures that provide additional cushioning and stability. There are various types of synovial joints based on the type of movement they allow, such as ball-and-socket joints (like the shoulder and hip), hinge joints (like the elbow and knee), and pivot joints (like the neck).Synovial joints are classified into several types based on the shapes of the articulating surfaces and the movements they allow. Here are the main types: 1. **Ball-and-Socket Joints**: **Example**: Shoulder and hip joints. **Movement**: Allows for a wide range of movement in all directions, including rotation. 2. **Hinge Joints**: **Example**: Elbow and knee joints. **Movement**: Allows movement in one plane, like the opening and closing of a door, primarily flexion and extension. 3. **Pivot Joints**: **Example**: The joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae (atlantoaxial joint). **Movement**: Allows for rotational movement around a single axis. 4. **Saddle Joints**: **Example**: The joint at the base of the thumb (carpometacarpal joint of the thumb). **Movement**: Allows movement in two planes (flexion/extension and abduction/adduction) and also allows for some rotation. 5. **Plane (Gliding) Joints**: **Example**: Joints between the small bones in the wrist (intercarpal joints) and ankles (intertarsal joints). **Movement**: Allows for gliding or sliding movements between flat bone surfaces. 6. **Condyloid (Ellipsoidal) Joints**: **Example**: The joint between the wrist and the radius (radiocarpal joint). **Movement**: Allows movement in two planes (flexion/extension and abduction/adduction), but no rotation. Each type of synovial joint allows for specific types of movement, contributing to the overall flexibility and functionality of the skeletal system.