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Annales school

Annales school, by Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki?curid=1316 / CC BY SA 3.0 #Historiography #Theories_of_history #20th_century #Historiography_of_France Lucien Febvre （left） and Marc Bloch （right）, the founders of the Annales school The Annales school （French pronunciation: [a'nal]） is a group of historians associated with a style of historiography developed by French historians in the 20th century to stress long-term social history. It is named after its scholarly journal Annales d'histoire économique et sociale, which remains the main source of scholarship, along with many books and monographs. The school has been highly influential in setting the agenda for historiography in France and numerous other countries, especially regarding the use of social scientific methods by historians, emphasizing social and economic rather than political or diplomatic themes. The school deals primarily with late medieval and early modern Europe （before the French Revolution）, with little interest in later topics. It has dominated French social history and influenced historiography in Europe and Latin America. Prominent leaders include co-founders Lucien Febvre （1878–1956）, Henri Hauser （1866-1946） and Marc Bloch （1886–1944）. The second generation was led by Fernand Braudel （1902–1985） and included Georges Duby （1919–1996）, Pierre Goubert （1915–2012）, Robert Mandrou （1921–1984）, Pierre Chaunu （1923–2009）, Jacques Le Goff （1924–2014）, and Ernest Labrousse （1895–1988）. Institutionally it is based on the Annales journal, the SEVPEN publishing house, the Fondation Maison des sciences de l'homme （FMSH）, and especially the 6th Section of the École pratique des hautes études, all based in Paris. A third generation was led by Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie （born 1929） and includes Jacques Revel, and Philippe Ariès （1914–1984）, who joined the group in 1978. The third generation stressed history from the point of view of mentalities, or mentalités. The fourth generation of Annales historia...