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Diverticular Disease and Diverticulitis

A brief description of the pathology and symptoms of diverticulosis, diverticulitis and diverticular disease. The human colon consists of the ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, and rectum, but this series of diseases most often occur in the sigmoid colon. The first stage in developing either diverticular disease or diverticulitis is diverticulosis. The colon walls are made up of the outermost serosa, the smooth muscle, and the innermost mucosa and submucosa. A low fibre diet causes frequent constipation, which creates pressure in the colon with straining bowel movements. This pressure and straining causes the mucosa and submucosa to herniate through a weakened area of muscle, creating a small, marble-sized outpouching, called a diverticulum. The mere presence of these diverticula, is known as diverticulosis – which is completely asymptomatic. Studies show that around 10% of over 40s have diverticulosis, with the figure rising to 50% in over 60s. Most people with diverticulosis will never experience any symptoms. However, when symptoms do appear, the condition becomes diverticular disease. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, and constipation and/or diarrhoea. Furthermore, if these diverticula become inflamed or infected, then the condition is known as diverticulitis, the symptoms of which includes abdominal pain, fever and constipation. Subscribe to DrugsPlus:    / @drugsplus   Knock your GCSE, A level or university exam results out of the park with DrugsPlus. With videos on physiology, disease and drugs, this is your number one stop for anything involving medical health. Topics covered range from the heart, to the brain; from the reproductive system, to the endocrine system; from cyanide, to COVID-19. People who enjoy DrugsPlus include everyone from prospective medical students, to anyone with a general interest in drugs and disease. DrugsPlus solely exists for educational purposes and should not be used for personal medical advice, nor as an aid to self-diagnosis – always consult with your physician or healthcare professional.