校 薪邪褋 胁褘 屑芯卸械褌械 锌芯褋屑芯褌褉械褌褜 斜械褋锌谢邪褌薪芯 讚讜 讞讬讬诐 - 讛转驻转讞讜转 讜讙诇讙讜诇 讞诇拽 讗 懈谢懈 褋泻邪褔邪褌褜 胁 屑邪泻褋懈屑邪谢褜薪芯屑 写芯褋褌褍锌薪芯屑 泻邪褔械褋褌胁械, 胁懈写械芯 泻芯褌芯褉芯械 斜褘谢芯 蟹邪谐褉褍卸械薪芯 薪邪 褞褌褍斜. 袛谢褟 蟹邪谐褉褍蟹泻懈 胁褘斜械褉懈褌械 胁邪褉懈邪薪褌 懈蟹 褎芯褉屑褘 薪懈卸械:
袝褋谢懈 泻薪芯锌泻懈 褋泻邪褔懈胁邪薪懈褟 薪械
蟹邪谐褉褍蟹懈谢懈褋褜
袧袗袞袦袠孝袝 袟袛袝小鞋 懈谢懈 芯斜薪芯胁懈褌械 褋褌褉邪薪懈褑褍
袝褋谢懈 胁芯蟹薪懈泻邪褞褌 锌褉芯斜谢械屑褘 褋芯 褋泻邪褔懈胁邪薪懈械屑 胁懈写械芯, 锌芯卸邪谢褍泄褋褌邪 薪邪锌懈褕懈褌械 胁 锌芯写写械褉卸泻褍 锌芯 邪写褉械褋褍 胁薪懈蟹褍
褋褌褉邪薪懈褑褘.
小锌邪褋懈斜芯 蟹邪 懈褋锌芯谢褜蟹芯胁邪薪懈械 褋械褉胁懈褋邪 ClipSaver.ru
讛转讻谞讬诐 讛讜驻拽讜 讘砖讬转讜祝 讘讬谉 讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟转 转诇-讗讘讬讘 讜讛讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟讛 讛驻转讜讞讛 驻专讜驻住讜专 讚讜讚 注讬诇诐 诪讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟转 转诇 讗讘讬讘 讛诪讜爪讙讬诐 砖讬讬讻讬诐 诇讘讬转 讛住驻专 诇讝讜讗讜诇讜讙讬讛 讘讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟转 转诇-讗讘讬讘 讜诇诪讜讝讬讗讜谉 讛讟讘注 注"砖 砖讟讬讬谞讛专讚讟 专砖讬诪转 讘注诇讬 讝讻讜讬讜转 讛讬讜爪专讬诐 Credit List 讗谞讜 诪讜讚讬诐 诇讘注诇讬 讝讻讜讬讜转 讛讬讜爪专讬诐 注诇 讛专砖讜转 诇讛砖转诪砖 讘驻专讬讟讬诐 讛诪讜驻讬注讬诐 讘讛专爪讗讛 讝讛. We are grateful to the copyright holders who granted their permission to use the items that appear in this lecture. Tadpole Water Drop Image by Rudy and Peter Skitterians from Pixabay. https://pixabay.com/photos/tadpole-wa... Frogspawn, a mass of eggs surrounded by jelly By Tarquin at the English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Collage of amphibians By User:Froggydarb - english wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Ryan Somma - Seymouria, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Patrick Coin (Patrick Coin) - Own work, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... By Franco Andreone - see authorization - http://calphotos.berkeley.edu, CC BY-SA 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Green frog life stages By LadyofHats - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Composition of the complete evolution of a Common frog in front of a white background Eric Isselee/ Shutterstock Tadpole frog toad vector Image by Clker-Free-Vector-Images from Pixabay, https://pixabay.com/vectors/tadpole-f... Frogspawn in a pond above water Roberto Sorin/ Shutterstock A group of tadpoles swim under the pond. agarose/ Shutterstock Series of pictures of tadpoles (common toad - Bufo bufo). The pictures show the last two weeks of larva development ending with metamorphosis. By Bufo_metamorphosis.jpg: CLauterderivative work: Cwmhiraeth - This file was derived from: Bufo metamorphosis.jpg:, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Tadpoles in Water Image by zoosnow from Pixabay. https://pixabay.com/photos/tadpoles-t... One pollywog. Image by HOS70 from Pixabay. https://pixabay.com/photos/tadpole-fr... The anatomy of a wood frog tadpole (Lithobates sylvaticus) By Otofrog - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Wood Frog Tadpole (Rana sylvatica) on a green background Steve Byland/ Shutterstock Metamorphosis stage with deforming jaws, large eyes, and remains of gill pouch By Viridiflavus - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Froglet Image by HOS70 from Pixabay. https://pixabay.com/photos/froglet-fr... 砖诇讘讬诐 砖诇 爪驻专讚注 讘讗讚讬讘讜转 驻专讜驻' 注讬诇诐 , 讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟转 转诇 讗讘讬讘. Juvenile amphibian circulatory systems are single loop systems which resemble fish. 1 鈥 Internal gills where the blood is reoxygenated 2 鈥 Point where the blood is depleted of oxygen and returns to the heart via veins 3 鈥 Two chambered heart. Red indicates oxygenated blood, and blue represents oxygen depleted blood. By Opellegrini15 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... 讗讬讜专 砖诇 讝讬诪讬诐 驻谞讬诪讬讬诐 讘讗讚讬讘讜转 驻专讜驻' 注讬诇诐 , 讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟转 转诇 讗讘讬讘. 讛砖讬诪讜砖 讘讛专爪讗讛 讝讛 讘讬爪讬专讜转 砖讘注诇讬 讛讝讻讜讬讜转 讘讛谉 讗讬谞诐 讬讚讜注讬诐 讗讜 诇讗 讗讜转专讜 谞注砖讛 诪讻讜讞 住注讬祝 27讗 诇讞讜拽 讝讻讜转 讬讜爪专讬诐, 2007. 注砖讬谞讜 讻讻诇 讬讻讜诇转谞讜 讻讚讬 诇讗转专 讗转 讘注诇讬 讝讻讜讬讜转 讛讬讜爪专讬诐 砖诇 讻诇 讛驻专讬讟讬诐 砖谞诇拽讞讜 诪诪拽讜专讜转 讞讬爪讜谞讬讬诐. 讗谞讜 诪转谞爪诇讬诐 注诇 讻诇 讛砖诪讟讛 讗讜 讟注讜转 讜讗诐 讬讜讘讗讜 诇讬讚讬注转谞讜, 谞驻注诇 诇转拽谞谉 讘讙讬专住讗讜转 讛讘讗讜转. 讘注诇讬 讝讻讜讬讜转 讬讜爪专讬诐 讛诪讘拽砖讬诐 讻讬 谞讞讚诇 诪讛砖讬诪讜砖 讘讬爪讬专讛 讗讜 诪注讜谞讬讬谞讬诐 诇注讚讻谉 驻专讟讬诐 讞住专讬诐 讗讜 砖讙讜讬讬诐 诪转讘拽砖讬诐 诇驻谞讜转 诇诪讚讜专 讝讻讜讬讜转 讬讜爪专讬诐 讘讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟讛 讛驻转讜讞讛. The use in this lecture of works in which copyright holders are unknown or have not been located is in accordance with section 27A of the Copyright Law, 2007.We have endeavored to trace the copyright holders of all external material. We apologize for any omission or error, and upon notification, will rectify it in future versions. Copyright holders who wish to withdraw permission for use of works or to update missing or incorrect details should contact the Permissions Department at the Open University of Israel.