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Homepage: EMNote.org ■ 🚩Membership: https://tinyurl.com/joinemnote 🚩ACLS Lecture: https://tinyurl.com/emnoteacls Pediatric Trauma 1: Anatomical & Physiological Differences Children have larger head-to-body ratio, increasing head injury risk Pliable ribs can mask internal injuries Smaller blood volume makes them more vulnerable to shock 2: Airway Considerations Children have proportionally larger tongues and anterior larynx Requires appropriately sized equipment Consider straight laryngoscope and cuffless tubes for younger patients 3: Shock Management Early signs: tachycardia and poor perfusion; hypotension is a late sign Initial treatment: 20ml/kg boluses of isotonic crystalloid Consider early blood products if poor response to fluids 4: Head Trauma Management Children more vulnerable due to large head-to-body ratio and soft skulls Watch for persistent vomiting, seizures, or declining GCS Use modified GCS for children under 4 years 5: Spinal Cord Injury SCIWORA (spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality) more common in children Immobilize spine if any suspicion, even without radiographic findings 6: Abdominal Trauma Organs less protected, making injury possible without external signs CT scan is gold standard for diagnosis NG tube helpful for managing distended abdomen 7: Musculoskeletal Injuries Bones more flexible but growth plate injuries need special attention Multiple fractures in varying healing stages suggest possible abuse 8: Pain and Psychological Management Use age-appropriate pain management strategies Consider both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods Child life specialists beneficial for psychological support 9: Family Involvement Include families as essential members of care team Maintain clear, honest communication to reduce anxiety 10: Non-Accidental Trauma (NAT) Watch for inconsistent history, suspicious injury patterns Be alert to delays in seeking care Prompt reporting of suspected abuse is crucial