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The nail unit is a fascinating and intricate structure located on the dorsal surface of our fingers and toes. It serves two essential functions: Protection: The nail unit shields our digits from trauma. Sensation: It assists with tactile sensation, allowing us to feel and interact with our environment. Let’s delve into the components of this remarkable unit: Nail Plate: The outer portion of the nail unit. Composed of layers of keratin. Forms a hard, yet flexible, translucent plate that we commonly refer to as our nail. Nail Folds: These are the skin folds that surround and protect the proximal (base) and lateral margins of the nail plate. Nail Bed (Sterile Matrix): Lies underneath the nail plate, attaching it to the distal phalanx (the bone at the fingertip). Provides a smooth surface for the growing nail plate to slide over. Interestingly, the nail bed itself does not contribute to plate growth; it merely facilitates its movement. Germinal Matrix: Located proximal to the sterile matrix (nail bed). Within this soft tissue area, cells divide and become keratinized to form the nail plate. Continuous cell division in the germinal matrix pushes the nail plate over the bed as it matures. Hyponychium: Situated distal to the nail bed, underneath the free edge of the nail plate. It’s the region where the nail meets the fingertip skin. Eponychium (Cuticle): A layer of stratum corneum that extends between the skin of the finger and the proximal nail plate. The cuticle helps protect the growing nail. Lunula: The white ‘half-moon’ appearance seen at the base of the nail plate. It corresponds to the visible part of the germinal matrix through the proximal nail plate. !Nail Unit Clinical Relevance: Nail Bed Injury: Nail bed injuries can occur due to crushing (e.g., finger caught in a door) or laceration (e.g., circular saw injury). X-rays are necessary to assess for any associated bony injury. Surgical repair may be performed for lacerated nail beds to improve the cosmetic appearance of the new nail as it grow. #Nailunit