藝苑掇英 Inji Aflatoun 仁智·阿福萊敦 (1924–1989) Feminist Art Egyptian скачать в хорошем качестве

藝苑掇英 Inji Aflatoun 仁智·阿福萊敦 (1924–1989) Feminist Art Egyptian

tonykwk39@gmail.com Inji Efflatoun was an artist and political activist born into an upper-class francophone family of landowners in 1924. Her father, Hassan C. Efflatoun, was the founder of the Entomology Department, and Dean of the Faculty of Science at Cairo University and her mother, Salha Efflatoun, served in the Women's Committee of the Egyptian Red Crescent Society. The parents divorced when she and her elder sister, Gulperie, were children. Their mother established​ a fashion and textile boutique in Cairo and Inji was strongly inspired by her mother's courage and determination in living as a single working mother. Efflatoun's paintings are strongly inspired by the social reality of the people of the Egyptian working class, such as peasants, craftsmen and laborers, with a special focus on women and their daily struggle. Her early works reflect the influence of Kamel el-Tilmisani and the Art and Liberty Group, as they represent a tormented imaginary world. In 1956, Efflatoun met Mexican muralist artist David Alfaro Siqueiros (1896 - 1974) during his visit to Egypt and his social realist work made a profound impression on her. During her incarceration, she portrayed the difficult reality of prison life, such as women in the dormitories or behind bars. Towards the end of her imprisonment period, she shifted away from social realism to paint subjects that symbolized the sense of freedom, such as trees and sailboats. After she was released in 1963, her style became lighter and more joyful, using vibrant colors to depict the countryside and daily life of the Egyptian worker. These works are characterized by the rhythm of textured brushstrokes playing with the blanks of the canvas to express light. In her late career, in the 1980's, her patterned textured strokes became purer, progressively showing more blanks on the canvas. Efflatoun works can be found in her permanent collection at Amir Taz Palace in Medieval Cairo where more than eighty works and a collection of her personal items are displayed, in the collection of Mathaf: Arab Museum of Modern Art in Doha and the Museum of Egyptian Modern Art in Cairo. In January and February 2014, the Safar Khan Gallery in Cairo dedicated a retrospective exhibition to Inji Efflatoun entitled "Inji's World." 仁智·阿福萊敦 Inji Efflatoun是一位藝術家和政治活動家，於1924年出生於一流的法語家族土地所有者。她的父親Hassan C. Efflatoun是昆蟲學系的創始人，開羅大學理學院院長和她的母親，Salha Efflatoun，在埃及紅新月會婦女委員會任職。當她和她的姐姐Gulperie是孩子時，父母離婚了。他們的母親在開羅建立了一家時裝和紡織品精品店，並且她的母親在作為單身母親生活的勇氣和決心中受到了強烈的啟發。 仁智·阿福萊敦在開羅的CollègeduSacréCoeur接受教育，之後她加入了LycéeFrançais，在那裡她對文學和政治歷史產生了興趣，並被介紹給了馬克思主義。在20世紀40年代初，她是第一批參加開羅大學藝術系的女性之一。在她的學習期間，Efflatoun表現出對藝術的興趣，從1940年開始，她在畫家和電影製片人Kamel el-Tilmisani（1917-1972）的指導下學習，該作品因其受折磨的作品而聞名，這些作品諷刺了社會規範。 El-Tilmisani將Efflatoun介紹給1939年由作家George Henein（1914-1973）創立的超現實主義藝術家和自由組織。之後，她在瑞士出生的藝術家Margo Veillon的指導下學習了一年，然後在畫家Hamed Abdallah的工作室工作。 阿福萊敦的繪畫受到埃及工人階級的社會現實的強烈啟發，如農民，工匠和勞動者，特別關注女性及其日常鬥爭。她早期的作品反映了Kamel el-Tilmisani和藝術與自由集團的影響，因為它們代表了一個折磨的想像世界。 1956年，Efflatoun在訪問埃及期間遇到了墨西哥壁畫藝術家David Alfaro Siqueiros（1896-1974），他的社會現實主義作品給她留下了深刻的印象。在她被監禁期間，她描繪了監獄生活的艱難現實，例如宿舍或監獄裡的婦女。在她的監禁期結束時，她從社會現實主義轉向繪製象徵自由感的主題，如樹木和帆船。她於1963年獲釋後，她的風格變得更輕，更快樂，用鮮豔的色彩描繪了埃及工人的鄉村和日常生活。這些作品的特點是紋理筆觸的節奏與畫布的空白一起表現光線。在她的後期生涯中，在20世紀80年代，她的圖案紋理筆觸變得更純淨，逐漸在畫布上顯示出更多的空白。 阿福萊敦的作品可以在她在中世紀開羅的Amir Taz宮殿的永久藏品中找到，其中展出了80多件作品和她的個人物品，收藏在Mathaf：多哈阿拉伯現代藝術博物館和埃及現代博物館開羅的藝術。 2014年1月和2月，開羅的Safar Khan畫廊為Inji Efflatoun舉辦了一次名為“Inji's World”的回顧展。