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Peacebuilding and stakeholders

Central to the peacebuilding approach is the concept of stakeholders, but what exactly is a stakeholder? This appears to be a simple question but, is not one that has been answered with any degree of global consensus yet. An all-inclusive definition would outline a stakeholder as a group, individual or entity that has an interest in the success of a project and that is also impacted by the outcome of this project. Stakeholders may be allies, beneficiaries, benefit providers, chain participants or even risk bearers. Their participation can be direct or indirect, external or internal, formal or informal. But why is the relationship between stakeholders and peacebuilding processes so important? As part of the project “Educational peacebuilding in Medellin and Acapulco: Understanding the role of education, culture and learning in responding to crises”, we want to demonstrate that peacebuilding is everybody’s business and therefore, the participation of key actors, institutions and citizens is crucial to achieve longstanding peace in cities. We believe that the process of including everyone in peacebuilding processes turns stakeholders into actors and builds social cohesion. Inclusive_ness is an overarching principle in building peace that can contribute to create stronger institutions. Peacebuilding is a term of relatively recent coinage, created by the international scientific community to identify a policy and operational approach to help countries escape the cycles of violence and to build sustainable peace. Under this perspective, peace is seen not merely as a stage in time or a condition. It is a dynamic social construct that requires a more explicit commitment to political, economic and social change. Actor mapping tools such as stakeholder analysis, impact grids or social network analysis enable the identification of social relationships and interactions that cut across formal and institutional channels, fostering a more niuanced understanding of information, influence and power flows in a context. As researchers interested in contributing to the development and prosperity of Latin America, we aim at documenting that the access to non-formal education and to cultural activities through the intervention and contribution of different actors has a positive impact on peacebuilding. For all these reasons, defining a precise stakeholders map drawing on the Medellin celebrated experience for peacebuilding lies at the heart of our academic goals. With support from the Foundation Ideas para la Paz in Colombia and El Colegio de Sonora in Mexico, we will outline what actors have been involved in the process of peacebuilding in Medellin and Acapulco, what specific resources they have put in place, what is the impact of these interventions and what are the challenges they face in contributing to a more peaceful society.