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The Sound Patterns of Language

The key concepts introduced include the distinction between the abstract phoneme and its concrete physical realizations, the phone and allophone, with the latter being different versions of a single phoneme. The lecture explains how minimal pairs and sets are used to identify phonemes and discusses complementary distribution in relation to allophones. Furthermore, it details phonotactics—the constraints on sound combinations—and the structure of syllables, concluding with an examination of coarticulation effects like assimilation, nasalization, and elision, which are essential features of normal, fluent speech.