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What is the Relationship between Mental Health Disorders and Violence?

This video describes the relationship between mental disorders and violence. Oftentimes, when there's a violent act that's covered by the national media, there's this association made between that act and the presence of a mental disorder or more than one mental health disorder. Does science support this? What does the research literature tell us about mental disorders and the relationship to violence? Let's start with public opinion. There are a number of surveys that look at what the public believes about mental health disorders and violence and we know that from a 2013 survey, 46% of the public indicated that they believe an individual with a mental health disorder is far more dangerous than a member of the general public. We know from other surveys that 35% of the public believe an individual with a mental health disorder is likely to be violent. Specifically, when talking about major depressive disorder, 32% of public believes that an individual with major depressive disorder is more likely to be violent, and 60% of the public believe that an individual with schizophrenia is more likely to be violent. We know from the research literature that if we look at the construct of mental health disorders in general, there's only a slight increase in violent risk for an individual with a mental health disorder versus a member of the general population. A lot of that risk is focused on just a few mental disorders. With mental disorders, there is no difference in the risk of violence. For a few mental health disorders there is, like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and some of the personality disorders, and many of the substance use disorders. If the association between mental health disorders and violence is so weak, what is causing all the violence that we see? Violence is a complex problem and there are a number of risk factors. No single risk factor is a cause. There's a difference between something that's causal and something that's a risk factor. Some of the risk factors we know about would be a history of violence, being exposed to violence as a child, age, gender, stress, crisis, substance use, socioeconomic status and a number of other factors that did not mention. The incorrect assertion that mental health disorders are somehow strongly linked with violence only makes it so that individuals with mental disorders don't want to come forward and seek treatment. They understandably don't be thought of as somebody that's a higher risk for violence. This misrepresentation is doing real damage in terms of the ability of the mental health treatment community to reach those in need.