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23rd September 1889: Nintendo founded in Kyoto, Japan, to produce playing cards

Originally known as “Nintendo Koppai”, Fusajiro Yamauchi established the company to produce hanafuda, a type of traditional Japanese playing card. At the time, card games were popular in Japan, and Yamauchi saw an opportunity to craft hand-painted cards from mulberry bark, which were both durable and artistic. Nintendo’s name is believed to have derived from the phrase “Nintendō,” which can be translated as “leave luck to heaven.” This was likely a reference to the role of chance in card games. The company grew modestly over the next few decades, catering to a niche market in Japan that was heavily regulated by the government. In the early 20th century Nintendo expanded its product line to include other types of playing cards. In 1949, after Fusajiro Yamauchi’s retirement, his grandson, Hiroshi Yamauchi, took over the company. Under his leadership the company modernized the production process and established partnerships with large firms such as Disney, expanding Nintendo’s reach in the playing card market. The 1970s saw Nintendo find its new path in the toy and entertainment industry. The company began exploring emerging electronics, and went on to become a pioneer in the video game industry following the release of the arcade game Donkey Kong. Today, Nintendo is known worldwide for its creation of some of the most iconic video game franchises including Mario, The Legend of Zelda, and Pokémon. By consistently innovating with new technologies, Nintendo has secured its position as a global video game giant, marking a remarkable evolution from its foundation as a playing card company.