How the tokamak became king of fusion - Thomson Scattering and the Cold War скачать в хорошем качестве

How the tokamak became king of fusion - Thomson Scattering and the Cold War

The exploits of “The Culham Five” as they traveled to the USSR and ushered in an age of tokamak research. Contents 00:00 - Introduction 00:35 - Thomson scattering 06:43 - Fusion history 10:26 - USSR trip 12:38 - Implications for fusion 15:53 - Summary References [1] Astrakhan Cap (User: Clonewayx) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... [2] Westminster, London (User: daniel0685) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... [3] The Moscow Kremlin by Vyacheslav Argenberg / http://www.vascoplanet.com/ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... [4] The first high-speed colour video from the COMPASS tokamak    • The first high-speed colour video fro...   [5] M. J. Forrest, “Lasers Across the Cherry Orchards” (Michael J Forrest, 2011). ISBN: 9780956855701; Available, Author’s personal website: https://www.mjforrest.co.uk/about.php Amazon: https://www.amazon.co.uk/Lasers-Acros... [6] “Raman spectroscopy has shed light on the structure of difficult to analyse sulphur-rich polymers”, Central Laser Facility https://www.clf.stfc.ac.uk/Pages/Rama... [7] PPPL founder Lyman Spitzer standing in front of the Model A stellarator from PPPL Archives, https://www.pppl.gov/news/2024/return... (07/02/25) [8] World's first laser by Theodore and Kathleen Maiman https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi... [9] “How the "Zeta fiasco" pulled fusion out of secrecy”, https://www.iter.org/node/20687/how-z... (Accessed 07/02/25) [10] The Daily Sketch, 25th January 1958. [11] A. W. DeSilva, D. E. Evans and M. J. Forrest, “Observation of Thomson and Co-Operative Scattering of Ruby Laser Light by a Plasma”, Preprint, CCFE Library (1964). [12] A. W. DeSilva, D. E. Evans and M. J. Forrest, “Observation of Thomson and Co-Operative Scattering of Ruby Laser Light by a Plasma”, Nature 203, 1321 (1964). [13] V. P. Smirnov, “Tokamak foundation in USSR/Russia 1950-1990”, Nucl. Fusion 50, 014003 (2010). [14] “Off to Russia with a thermometer”, https://www.iter.org/node/20687/russi... (Accessed 07/02/25) [15] J. Connor and C. Windsor, “Derek Robinson. 27 May 1941 - 2 December 2002”, Biogr. Mems Fell. R. Soc. 57, 395 (2011). https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2011.... [16] N. J. Peacock, D. C. Robinson, M. J. Forrest, P. D. Wilcock and V. V. Sannikov, “Measurement of the Electron Temperature by Thomson Scattering in Tokamak T3”, Nature 224, 488 (1969). [17] http://home.clara.net/balshaw/tokamak... (Accessed 07/02/25) [18] Adapted from: A. J. Webster, “Fusion: Power for the future”, Physics Education 38, 135 (2003). [19] Image of ASDEX Upgrade https://www.ipp.mpg.de/5035491/01_21 [20] P. P. Khvostenko et al., “Preassembly of the tokamak T-15MD magnet system Fusion Engineering and Design”, 124, 114 (2017). [21] The many wonders of ITER diagnostics, ITER Newsline, https://www.iter.org/node/20687/many-... (Accessed 08/02/25) [22] J. G. Clark et al., “First divertor Thomson scattering measurements on MAST-U” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 93, 103534 (2022). [23] Design of ITER diagnostic system nearly completed, Fusion For Energy Website, https://fusionforenergy.europa.eu/new... (Accessed 08/02/25) [24] US President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev of the Soviet Union at the Geneva Superpower Summit (1985), https://www.iter.org/about/history (Accessed 18/01/25) [25] K. F. Schoenberg, “A Historical Perspective of Controlled Thermonuclear Research at Los Alamos: 1946-1990”, Fusion Science and Technology 80, S192 (2024). [26] “50 years on: The mission to Moscow that changed fusion research”, UKAEAofficial YouTube,    • 50 years on: The mission to Moscow th...