War in Literature: An Introduction скачать в хорошем качестве

War in Literature: An Introduction

Lecture 2 English 1120 -- War in Literature Professor Timothy H. Wilson Department of English, University of Ottawa (Winter 2022) This lecture explores at a high level the different ways works of literature have charted paths for the understanding of the meaning of the suffering and loss resulting from war. In classical works of literature, war arises as an arena in which one’s life can be defined by glory, honour and duty. In modern works of literature, war is ultimately meaningless and bereft of any higher significance. Time Codes: 0:00 – Introduction 0:57 – Outline of lecture 3:47 – Defining War: War and Conflict in Literature 5:34 – Defining War: Carl von Clausewitz 8:39 – The Broader Nature of War 10:07 – The Etymology of War (Strife, Confusion, Man, Truth) – Note on the socio-cultural construction of gender expectations 13:31 – Ancient Greek Concept of War (Heidegger on aletheia, Heraclitus on War and Strife, Homer and the “Shield of Achilles”) 15:55 – War and the “State of Nature” (Hobbes versus Rousseau) 19:27 – The Evidence for Hobbes: Intra-species Conflict among Mammals 22:27 – The Evidence for Hobbes: Gombe Chimpanzee War 24:32 – The Evidence for Hobbes: Human War Before Civilization (Reference to Lawrence Keeley) 28:59 – The Evidence for Rousseau: Human Social Organization, Reciprocal Altruism, Desire for Recognition (Reference to Richard Wrangham, Francis Fukuyama) 31:27 – The Evidence for Rousseau: The Better Angels of Our Nature (Reference to Steven Pinker) 32:25 – Limiting War (Leviathan Theory) 33:29 – Limiting War (Democratic Peace Theory; Reference to Immanuel Kant) 34:56 – Limiting War (Gentle Commerce Theory; Reference to exponential growth in World GDP) 36:36 – Limiting War (Decline of number of war deaths relative to human population; Reference to Yuval Noah Harari) 39:11 – Role of Literature in Changing Conceptions of War 43:20 – Defining Literature 45:44 – Definition of Literature (from Viktor Shklovsky, “Defamiliarization”) 49:18 – Definition of “English” Literature 50:09 – English Literature as a Discipline 1:01:00 – War in Literature Themes 1:01:39 – Glory (Reference to Homer’s Iliad; Virgil’s Aeneid; Shakespeare’s Henry V; Quote from Falstaff in Shakespeare’s Henry IV, Part 1) 1:06:10 – Courage (Reference to Greek term for Courage [Andreia] and social construction of gender; Aristeia; Aristotle on Courage) 1:09:32 – Courage and Close Combat Tactics (Reference to Diomedes’ statement on cowardly nature of missile weapons in Homer’s Iliad; Reference to modern tactics and predominance of missile weapons) 1:13:56 – Community (Reference to Horace, “Dulce et decorum est”; Wilfred Owen 1:16:55 – Leadership (Reference to Agamemnon in Homer’s Iliad, to Aeneas in Virgil’s Aeneid, to Shakespeare’s Henry V) 1:19:07 – Gods and Mortals (Reference to Homer’s Iliad, Virgil’s Aeneid, Ernest Hemingway) 1:22:30 – Words and Action (Limits of representation in death and love) 1:24:48 – Literary Periods (Timeline of Literary Periods and History of Ideas, Timeline of Texts Studied) Course Web site – War in Literature: https://sites.google.com/site/unterge... Professor Wilson's Web site -- The Western Canon: https://sites.google.com/site/unterge... The powerpoint slides for this lecture can be found here: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VugL...