Cystitis Uncovered: The Ultimate Guide to Bladder Inflammation, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments скачать в хорошем качестве

Cystitis Uncovered: The Ultimate Guide to Bladder Inflammation, Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

High Prevalence: About 50% of women will experience a urinary tract infection (UTI) at least once, and most of these are bladder infections known as cystitis. Classic Symptoms: Cystitis typically causes a sudden, overwhelming urge to urinate, frequent trips to the bathroom, and a burning sensation during urination. Urine Changes: The urine often appears cloudy or has a foul smell, and sometimes blood can be present. Pelvic Discomfort: Many people with cystitis also feel discomfort or pain in the pelvic area, and sometimes even a sensation that the bladder isn’t completely emptied after urinating. Infectious vs. Non-Infectious: Most acute cystitis cases are due to bacterial infections—most notably by E. coli—while chronic cases can sometimes occur without an infection, which is important when deciding on treatment. Kidney Involvement Indicators: If symptoms like fever or back pain (especially below the ribcage) occur, it might indicate that the infection has spread to the kidneys (pyelonephritis), not just the bladder. Diagnostic Tests: A urine dipstick test is often used initially to detect signs like nitrites, leukocytes, and blood. A urine culture then identifies the specific bacteria and its antibiotic sensitivity. Antibiotic Treatment: Acute cystitis is commonly treated with a short course of antibiotics such as nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or fosfomycin. Recurrence & Resistance: Around 20–30% of women may experience recurrent infections, and it's crucial to complete the full course of antibiotics to prevent relapse or antibiotic resistance. Prevention Strategies: Preventative measures include staying well-hydrated, urinating after sexual activity, proper hygiene practices (like wiping from front to back), and considering supplements like cranberry juice, D-mannose, and probiotics to help reduce recurrence. By Iqbal Osman1 from singapore - Urine dipstick reading, CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Disclaimer: This information is provided for general knowledge and educational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with your doctor for any questions or concerns you may have about your health.