ହେଲେ କିପରି ?? ଏବେ ଆପଣବି କରନ୍ତୁ ବର୍ଷକୁ ୧୦ ଲକ୍ଷ ଟଙ୍କାର ଲାଭ || Gerbera Farming Under Polyhouse 🏵️🏵️ скачать в хорошем качестве

ହେଲେ କିପରି ?? ଏବେ ଆପଣବି କରନ୍ତୁ ବର୍ଷକୁ ୧୦ ଲକ୍ଷ ଟଙ୍କାର ଲାଭ || Gerbera Farming Under Polyhouse 🏵️🏵️

GERBERA CULTIVATION: Gerbera is commonly known as Transvaal daisy or Bar berton daisy or African daisy. It is an important commercial cut flower crop. Gerbera flowers have a wide range of colours including yellow, orange, cream-white, pink, brick red, red, terracotta and various other intermediate colors. In double varieties, bicolor flowers are also available. Gerbera flower stalks are long, thin and leafy and have a long vase life. The major producing states in India are Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamilnadu, W.B, H.M,Jammu & Kashmir and Gujarat. Climate Bright sunshine accelerates the growth and quality of the flowers, however, in summer this flower needs diffused sunlight. Gerbera plants grown in locations with insufficient light will not bloom well. The optimum day and night temperature is 27oC and 14oC respectively. For flower initiation, the optimum temperature is 23oC and for leaf unfolding it is 25 - 27oC. Soil The soil pH must be between 5.5 to 6.5. For better root growth and better penetration of roots, the soil should be highly porous and well drained. Red lateritic soils are good for Gerbera cultivation as it is having all the essential qualities that an ideal soil should have. Preparation of planting bed In general, Gerberas are grown on raised beds to assist in easier movement and better drainage. The dimensions of the bed should be as follows: Bed height: 1.5 feet (45 cm) Bed width: 2 feet (60 cm) Between the beds: 1 feet (30 cm) The beds for planting should be highly porous, well drained and airy. Gravel/sand can be added at the bottom for better drainage. Organic manure is recommended to improve soil texture and to provide nutrition gradually. The soil should be loose all the time. Organic manure and soil should be mixed thoroughly for optimum results. The soil should not be very compact after watering. The upper layer of soil and FYM should be properly mixed. While bed preparation, add Single Super Phosphate (0:16:0) @ 2.5 kg per 100 sqft for better root establishment and Magnesium Sulphate @ 0.5 kg per 100 sqft to take care of deficiency of Mg. Neem cake (@ 1 kg / m) is also added for prevention of nematode infestation. Varieties Important cultivars of Gerbera : Pre Intenzz, Stanza, Winter Queen, Cacharelle, Jaffa, Sangria, Diana, Thalsa, Sonsara, Paganini, Anneke, Nette, Rosetta, Gloria, Ginna, Ingrid, Pricilla, Alexias, Intense, Sunway, Zingaro, Balance,rosaline,dune and Monique. Planting Plant should not be less than three months old. At the time of planting the tissue culture, plant should have atleast 4 to 5 leaves. Gerberas are planted on raised bed in two rows formation. Zigzag plantation system is mostly preferred. While planting 65% portion of root ball should be kept below ground and rest of the portion i.e. 35% should be kept above the ground for better air circulation in the root zones. Ideal planting density and spacing: 8-10 plants/sqm or 30 X 30 cm or 40 x 25 cm. Fertilization Irrigate and fertilize frequently in small quantities for optimum results.  Always analyze the soil once in 2 - 3 months to decide specific nutrient schedule. 25 - 75 t/ha of well decomposed organic manure is required. For the first three months after planting, application of 20:20:20:N:P:K @ 1.5 g/l of water every two days during the vegetative stage encourages better foliage. Once flowering commences, N:P:K 15:8:35 at the rate of 1.5 g/l water/day is to be given. Micronutrients should be given weekly or fortnightly as per the deficiency symptoms (preferably chelated source). Boron deficiency causes base of young leaves to turn black coloured. Zinc deficiency symptoms can be identified with the C-shaped leaf structure caused by chlorosis on one half of the leaf blade which ceases to expand, while the other half of the leaf is normal. Pests and diseases Important Diseases : Root rot (Pythium irregularae, Rhizoctonia solani) ; Foot rot ( Phytophthora cryptogea) ; Sclerotium rot (Sclerotium rolfsii) ; Blight ( Botrytis cinerea) ; Powdery mildew ( Erysiphe cichoracearum, Oidium crysiphoides ) ; Leaf spots ( Phyllosticta gerberae, Alternaria spp.) Viral disease (Cucumber mosaic virus and Tobacco rattle virus) Insect-pests: White fly ; Red Spider Mites ; Nematodes ; Aphids ; Leaf miner ; Caterpillars Pest Management: Under protected cultivation conditions, use of Insect-proof screens acts as physical barriers to exclude insect-pests. Prudent Fertilization based on balanced use of nutrients to be followed. Excess Nitrogen application to be avoided. For management of root knot nematode, application of carbofuran at 2 kg a.i./ha in combination with neem seed powder @ 100 g/m2 is effective. Leaf spot disease of gerbera could be controlled by treating the plants with Benomyl (0.1%) followed by Kavach (0.2%). #agrifarmodisha #gerberaCultivation #gerbera_cultivation_in_odisha