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Quadriceps femoris muscle

Quadriceps femoris muscle most powerful and voluminous muscle in the entire human body Community-created content on this topic is also available The quadriceps femoris muscle is the largest muscle in the entire human body. It is the one that supports the entire weight of the human body and allows us to walk, walk, sit and run. It is called the quadriceps because it has four muscle heads. It is located on the anterior aspect of the femur . [ 1 [ TA ]: musculus quadriceps femoris TA A04.7.02.017 Insertion Anterior aspect of the femur Artery Femoral artery Nerve Femoral nerve Action Leg extension Antagonist Semitendinosus muscle Synonyms crural quadriceps muscle Rectus femoris muscle (rectus femoris) [ 2 ] or rectus anterior : Covers the vastus intermedius and part of the vastus medial and lateral. It originates from the anteroinferior iliac spine and the cotyloid brow, both from the innominate bone. The rectus femoris has two tendinous heads that originate in the hip bone: - The direct head: in the anterior inferior iliac spine. - Reflex head: rough area of ​​the ilium , immediately superior to the acetabulum . [ 1 ] - Recurrent head: joint capsule of the hip joint. [ 3 ] The direct head is more powerful and larger than the reflex head. [1 ] Vastus medialis muscle (vastus medialis) [ 2 ] or vast internal : anteromedial face (towards the midline or inner face) of the thigh. It is inserted in the patella ( kneecap ) and tibia . It has an extensive origin that goes from the distal part (lower medial end) of the intertrochanteric line to the medial lip of the linea aspera, both lines belonging to the femur . Vastus lateralis muscle (vastus lateralis) [ 2 ] or vastus lateralis : anterolateral face (outer face) of the thigh. It originates from the superior and anterolateral part of the shaft of the femur [ 3 ] , in the lower zone of the greater trochanter [ 3 ] , and the lateral lip of the linea aspera. [ 3 ] The vastus intermedius (vastus intermedius) [ 2 ] or crural muscle , located between the two anterior muscles, on the anterior aspect of the femur and below the rectus femoris. It is the deepest of the 4 bellies of the quadriceps. It originates from the upper two thirds of the anterior and lateral aspects of the femur. Quadriceps femoris muscle Insertion The four bellies converge to form a very thick and powerful tendon called the quadriceps (or quadriceps) tendon, which attaches to the base and sides of the kneecap. This tendon then becomes the patellar ligament or tendon, which runs from the apex of the patella to the anterior tuberosity of the tibia . The more superficial fibers of the quadriceps tendon and the patellar ligament continue on the anterior surface of the patella, and the lateral and medial fibers continue to the sides of the patella. [ 1 ] Function The quadriceps are powerful extensors of the knee joint . They are crucial for walking, running, jumping, and squatting. Because the rectus femoris connects to the ilium , it is also a hip flexor. This action is also crucial for walking or running, as you swing your leg forward in the next step. The quadriceps, specifically the vastus medialis , play an important role in stabilizing the patella and knee joint during gait. [ 4 ] With the knee bent, the leg can be rotated: Lateral rotation by the vastus lateralis muscle Rotation by medial vastus medialis [ three ] Innervation Crural or femoral nerve (L2-L4). The femoral nerve is formed in the lumbar plexus and collects the L1-L4 medullary segments. This nerve is the largest and longest in the lumbar plexus. It reaches the quadriceps by passing through the muscle gap and the scarpa triangle. In this area it is divided into cutaneous and muscular branches. The quadriceps is innervated by a muscular branch which passes between the vastus intermedia and rectus femoris, giving it motor innervation. Another branch that passes over the vastus medialis provides sensory innervation in the anterior thigh area. [ 5 ] Irrigation The quadriceps muscle is supplied by the lateral circumflex femoral artery, which is a branch of the femoral artery originating from the iliac artery that comes from the abdominal aorta . The circumflex surrounds the femoral neck forming a ring. [ 5 ] The vein that collects the quadriceps irrigation is the lateral femoral circumflex vein that fuses in the deep femoral vein and ends in the iliac vein. [ 5 ] In this area the artery passes more lateral to the vein. The vessels are protected by 4 muscles: they pass inferior to the sartorius muscle , between the vastus medialis of the quadriceps and the adductor longus and superior to the adductor magnus. [ 5 ] See also Sartorius muscle Leg extension - exercise to strengthen this muscle References