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Master Arduino timing. Discover why delay() blocks your Arduino code and how to use millis() and clean architecture to build scalable, non-blocking projects. If you've ever started with Arduino, chances are you’ve used the delay() function. It works fine for a blinking LED or a simple motor toggle. But the moment you want your Arduino to do more than one thing at once—like blinking multiple LEDs, playing a melody, or responding to a button—you’ll run into serious limitations. That’s because delay() stops everything. While it’s waiting, nothing else can happen. In this video, we explore why delay() causes problems in more advanced Arduino projects and how to replace it with the non-blocking millis() function. We go beyond the basics and introduce clean coding practices like modular architecture, reusable timer classes, and even reusable component libraries to help you scale your Arduino projects like a pro. ⏱️ 1. Why Timing Matters in Arduino Projects Most beginner projects are linear—you write a line of code, it executes, and waits. But real-world projects often involve multiple things happening “simultaneously.” A classic example is blinking an LED while moving a servo and playing a tone. If your program is stuck inside a delay(1000), nothing else can run. The result? Missed inputs, jerky motors, and an unresponsive device. 🚫 2. The Problem with delay() To understand why delay() fails us, we walk through an example where three LEDs are supposed to blink at different rates using a blinkDelay() helper function. Each call to blinkDelay() introduces a blocking delay. So while LED1 blinks, LED2 and LED3 are effectively frozen. Each delay in the sequence halts the entire program. ✅ 3. The Non-Blocking Solution with millis() Enter millis(): the non-blocking alternative to delay(). This function returns the number of milliseconds since your Arduino started running. Instead of waiting, we check how much time has passed and decide whether to act. 🧱 4. Clean Timing Logic with a Timer Library Managing multiple timers in one loop can get messy fast. That's why the video introduces a reusable Timer class. This class wraps all the millis logic into a neat, testable, and modular package. 🧩 5. Abstracting Logic into a Reusable Libraries We take things one step further by creating custom libraries. 📦 What You’ll Learn (TL;DR) By the end of this video, you’ll be able to: • Understand why delay() blocks your Arduino and limits functionality • Use millis() to manage non-blocking timing • Build your own reusable Timer class • Abstract logic into libraries for scalability and readability • Achieve multitasking-style behavior with simple code • Chain and layer timers for advanced scheduling • Improve responsiveness and make your Arduino feel “smart” 🧰 Source Code & Resources We’ve included links in the video description to: • Full source code for each example • Arduino IDE and PlatformIO sketches • Wokwi simulation links • GitHub repositories with reusable Timer and BlinkLeds libraries Whether you're a hobbyist or an aspiring maker pro, this video arms you with the tools to go beyond blinking LEDs and start building interactive, modular, and scalable Arduino systems. Ready to ditch delay()? Watch the video and take your Arduino skills to the next level! 🔔 Subscribe for more Arduino & embedded development tutorials 🛠️ Tools: Arduino IDE, PlatformIO, Wokwi 💬 Questions or ideas? Drop them in the comments! LINKS: Companion Article (https://bj-dehaan-solutions.com.au/ar...) Source Code on Github: 2. The Problem with delay() (https://github.com/Ben-BJD/ArdunioIDE...) Source Code on Github: 3. The Non-Blocking Solution with millis() (https://github.com/Ben-BJD/ArdunioIDE...) Source Code on Github: 4. Clean Timing Logic with a Timer Library (https://github.com/Ben-BJD/ArdunioIDE...) Source Code on Github: 5. Abstracting LED Logic into a Reusable Library (https://github.com/Ben-BJD/ArdunioIDE...) Source Code on Github: 6. Scaling Up: Melody, Servos, LEDs — All at Once (https://github.com/Ben-BJD/ArdunioIDE...) Source Code on Github: 7. Infinite Scale with Shift Registers and Smart Design (https://github.com/Ben-BJD/ArdunioIDE...) ⏱️ TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 - 1. Introduction: Why Timing Matters in Arduino Projects 01:51 - 2. The Problem with delay() 04:25 - 3. The Non-Blocking Solution with millis() 06:35 - 4. Clean Timing Logic with a Timer Library 10:31 - 5. Abstracting LED Logic into a Reusable Library 11:30 - 6. Scaling Up: Melody, Servos, LEDs — All at Once 13:03 - 7. Infinite Scale with Shift Registers and Smart Design 15:03 - 8. Final Thoughts: From Hobbyist to Maker Pro