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Maritime Colonization and Hinterland Populations: Irad Malkin Keynote

This keynote lecture, delivered by Professor Irad Malkin during the “Islands and Mainlands in Antiquity” conference, offers a sweeping and provocative reconsideration of Greek colonization and the concept of indigeneity. Drawing from decades of Mediterranean scholarship, Malkin challenges post-colonial binaries of colonizer and native by introducing the concept of coastal colonies as "middle grounds"—zones of complex interaction, attraction, and transformation. His talk moves beyond simplistic victim/agent models and invites a deeper exploration of migration, displacement, and inter-local dynamics from the ancient Greek world to early modern European empires. The following topics were discussed: — The maritime mindset of Greek colonization and its offshore focus — Middle grounds and the porous boundaries between colonists and locals — Why modern post-colonial binaries fail to explain ancient colonial interactions — The magnetic effect of coastal settlements on hinterland populations — How indigenous identity is shaped by time and context, not biology — Parallels between ancient Greek, Phoenician, and early modern colonizations — The enduring influence of network theory in understanding colonization — The problematic conflation of colonization and colonialism in modern discourse Speaker: — Irad Malkin, Professor Emeritus of Ancient History, Tel Aviv University Moderator and Organizers: — Stephanos Gialdini, Director, Columbia Global Centers Athens 00:22 Welcome and introduction by Denver Graninger, American School of Classical Studies 03:22 Overview of the School’s mission and facilities 09:51 Introduction of keynote speaker Irad Malkin 13:06 Islands and promontories as strategic colonial choices 17:05 The sea as enemy: the case of the Mamluks and the coastal purge 19:22 Variations in Greek encounters with local populations 22:35 Colonization as a key factor in shaping Greek identity and inter-Greek unity 25:26 Maritime colonization vs. territorial imperialism 28:12 Re-examining the post-colonial binary through historical case studies 31:32 Are any people truly indigenous? A historical and anthropological perspective 33:44 Colonialism vs. colonization: key conceptual differences 35:54 – Indigenous identity and Comanche empire as case complexities 37:13 – Geography and lifestyle distinctions over modern binaries 38:20 – Sideways maritime colonization across isolated coastal networks 39:24 – Undercurrent magnetism: prospective colonies attract local envoys 39:54 – Reframing indigeneity via internal displacement by locals themselves 41:11 – Peaceful accommodation vs. conflict in colonization narratives 42:00 – Complicated identity in archaic Southern France: Lurian, Celtic, & Etruscan interactions 43:34 – “Dance of partners”: Antipolis and middleground co-settlement 44:42 – Mixed networks preserving distinctiveness while interacting cross‑culturally 45:52 – Coexistence of Greeks with Umbrians, Etruscans, and Veneti in promiscuous networks 46:58 – Emergence of Antipolis and nearby native settlement interactions 49:03 – Rock Dwa evidence: interior adaptation and trade dynamics 50:45 – SL site: mixed construction traditions and declining interior settlements 52:07 – Alphabetic diffusion across middleground zones as cultural exchange 53:54 – Transformation over centuries: Massalia’s increasing regional dominance 55:02 – Dome in West African example: coastal middleground politics vs colonialism 57:05 – Lat as intermediary port: mixed architecture and elite redistribution systems 58:11 – Population attraction over two centuries: commerce, agriculture, labor interdependence 59:21 – Middleground culture matures: diffusion, not centralized empire 1:00:49 – Ar as inland hybrid community vs clearly Greek coastal polity Massalia 1:01:35 – Non-Greek intermediaries (Lewell, Naj): trade-route based elite clusters 1:02:29 – Network clusters form without unified center: a dance of middleground actors 1:04:06 – Closing remarks   / columbia.global     / columbiaglobal   https://global.columbia.edu/