43. Intraoperative Ultrasound in Brain Surgery скачать в хорошем качестве

43. Intraoperative Ultrasound in Brain Surgery

Intraoperative Ultrasound in Brain Surgery https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39393... What is cited as a primary advantage of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) in brain surgery? A. Cost-effectiveness compared to MRI and CT. B. Real-time visualization of the brain and mass. C. Elimination of brain-shift during surgery. D. Superior accuracy compared to all other imaging methods. Which types of ultrasound probes are recommended for IOUS in small animal brain surgery? A. Phased array and convex probes B. Linear and microconvex probes C. Endocavity and transrectal probes D. Sector and transesophageal probes What frequency range is suggested for the ultrasound probes used in IOUS for small animal patients? A. 2-5 MHz B. 7.5-12 MHz C. 15-20 MHz D. 25-30 MHz According to the authors, how do glial tumors typically appear on IOUS? A. Hypoechoic with smooth borders B. Anechoic with irregular borders C. Isoechoic with a heterogeneous texture D. Hyperechoic, often with areas of irregularity What is a potential challenge or disadvantage of using IOUS during brain surgery? A. Inability to distinguish between tumor and normal tissue. B. Limited ability to visualize surrounding vasculature. C. Shifting of brain anatomy during the procedure. D. Incompatibility with standard surgical sterilization techniques.