Biliary Leakage Leakage of bile ; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment скачать в хорошем качестве

Biliary Leakage Leakage of bile ; Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

Biliary Leakage Definition Biliary leakage is the uncontrolled flow of bile from the biliary tract, which can lead to infection, inflammation, and damage to surrounding tissues. Causes 1. Iatrogenic (surgical or procedural complications) 2. Trauma (blunt or penetrating) 3. Gallstones 4. Cholecystitis 5. Pancreatitis 6. Biliary stricture or obstruction 7. Liver transplantation 8. ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) complications Types 1. Minor leakage: small amount of bile leakage 2. Major leakage: significant bile leakage requiring intervention 3. Biloma: encapsulated bile collection Symptoms 1. Abdominal pain 2. Nausea and vomiting 3. Fever 4. Jaundice 5. Pruritus 6. Ascites 7. Hemorrhage Diagnosis 1. Imaging studies: Ultrasound CT scan MRI ERCP PTC (percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography) 2. Laboratory tests: Bilirubin levels Liver function tests (LFTs) Amylase and lipase levels 3. Clinical evaluation Treatment 1. Conservative management: Fluid resuscitation Antibiotics Pain management Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) 2. Interventional radiology: Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) Biliary stenting 3. Surgical intervention: Laparoscopic or open cholecystectomy Biliary reconstruction Hepaticojejunostomy Complications 1. Sepsis 2. Abscess formation 3. Fistula formation 4. Hemorrhage 5. Organ failure (e.g., liver, kidney) 6. Malnutrition #BiliaryLeakage