HOW DOES TRASTUZUMAB (HERCEPTIN) DOWN-REGULATE HER-2/NEU RECEPTORS скачать в хорошем качестве

HOW DOES TRASTUZUMAB (HERCEPTIN) DOWN-REGULATE HER-2/NEU RECEPTORS

HOW DOES TRASTUZUMAB DOWN-REGULATE HER-2/NEU RECEPTORS AND INHIBIT INTRACELLULAR SIGNALING PATHWAYS IN BREAST CANCER TREATMENT? Introduction: Trastuzumab, a monoclonal antibody, specifically targets Her-2/Neu receptors and plays a crucial role in the management of HER2-positive breast cancer, constituting approximately 20-25% of breast cancer cases. This case study examines its mechanism of action, statistics, and therapeutic implications. Patient Presentation: A 55-year-old female patient was diagnosed with HER2-positive breast cancer, characterized by the overexpression of the HER2/Neu receptor. Mechanism of Action: Binding to HER2 Receptor: Trastuzumab binds to the extracellular domain of the HER2/Neu receptor. Down-Regulation: It inhibits the cleavage of the receptor, leading to a decrease in HER2 signaling, effectively down-regulating HER2/Neu receptors. Inhibition of Signaling Pathways: By binding to HER2, Trastuzumab blocks downstream intracellular signaling pathways such as the PI3K/Akt pathway, thus inhibiting tumor cell growth. Treatment and Results: Trastuzumab Therapy: The patient underwent Trastuzumab-based therapy, part of standard treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer, showing a 15-20% improvement in survival rates. Follow-up: Regular monitoring and combination therapy, reducing the risk of recurrence by approximately 50%. Exam-Focused Facts: Trastuzumab: A monoclonal antibody targeting HER2/Neu receptors. HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: Constitutes 20-25% of breast cancer cases. Mechanism: Down-regulation of HER2/Neu receptors and inhibition of signaling pathways. Treatment Success: Improves survival by 15-20% and cuts recurrence risk by 50%. Side Effects: Cardiotoxicity in 2-7% of patients, lung issues in 1-4% of patients. Combination Therapy: Often used with chemotherapy for enhanced effects. Resistance: Occurs in 15-20% of cases; ongoing research to overcome it. Clinical Trials: Extensive studies and trials have established its efficacy and safety. Historical Context: FDA approved in 1998; transformed HER2-positive breast cancer treatment. Conclusion: Trastuzumab's ability to down-regulate HER2/Neu receptors and inhibit intracellular signaling pathways has revolutionized the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. Awareness of its mechanism, statistical impact, and potential side effects is crucial for medical professionals. Where to Find More Info: Consult oncology textbooks, clinical oncology journals, and guidelines from cancer societies for detailed insights.