WHAT IS POLAND SYNDROME? Symptoms, Treatment скачать в хорошем качестве

WHAT IS POLAND SYNDROME? Symptoms, Treatment

WHAT IS POLAND SYNDROME? Symptoms, Treatment What is Poland syndrome? Poland syndrome is a rare congenital condition that affects the development of muscles on one side of the chest and upper arm. It is characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of certain chest muscles and can also cause webbing of the fingers and a deformity of the chest or shoulder. What causes Poland syndrome? The exact cause of Poland syndrome is not known, but it is believed to be related to a problem with the blood supply to the developing chest muscles during embryonic development. What are the symptoms of Poland syndrome? The symptoms of Poland syndrome can vary, but typically include a smaller or absent muscle on one side of the chest, a deformity of the chest or shoulder, and webbing of the fingers on the affected side. In some cases, the condition can also cause psychological and emotional distress. How is Poland syndrome treated? Treatment for Poland syndrome depends on the severity of the symptoms and may include physical therapy, bracing, or surgery to correct chest deformities and improve muscle function. In some cases, cosmetic surgery may also be recommended. Is Poland syndrome hereditary? Poland syndrome is not typically hereditary and is usually caused by a sporadic genetic mutation. However, in rare cases, it may be passed down from parent to child. If you have a family history of Poland syndrome, it is important to discuss your risk with a healthcare provider. What is Poland syndrome? Pathophysiology of Poland syndrome Poland syndrome is a rare congenital condition characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of certain muscles on one side of the chest and upper arm. The exact cause of Poland syndrome is not known, but it is believed to be related to a problem with the blood supply to the developing chest muscles during embryonic development. The symptoms of Poland syndrome can vary widely, but typically include a smaller or absent muscle on one side of the chest, a deformity of the chest or shoulder, and occasionally webbing of the fingers on the affected side. The condition can also cause significant psychological and emotional distress for affected individuals. Treatment for Poland syndrome depends on the severity of the symptoms and may include physical therapy, bracing, or surgery to correct chest deformities and improve muscle function. In some cases, cosmetic surgery may also be recommended to improve the appearance of the affected side. What are the symptoms of Poland Syndrome? The end of the main chest muscle, where it attaches to the breastbone, is usually missing. The nipple, including the darkened area around it (areola) is underdeveloped or missing; in females, this may extend to the breast and underlying tissues. Abnormally short and slightly webbed fingers. Often, the armpit (axillary) hair is missing. The skin in the area is underdeveloped (hypoplastic) with a thinned subcutaneous fat layer. The upper rib cage can be underdeveloped or missing, Sometimes the shoulder blade or bones of the arm are also involved, Rarely, spine or kidney problems are present. What abnormalities are associated with this syndrome? Poland syndrome has been associated with other syndromes, including Moebius syndrome (congenital bilateral facial paralysis with inability to abduct the eyes) and Klippel-Feil syndrome. Also, some blood malignancies, including leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, have been described in patients with Poland syndrome. What causes this syndrome? The cause of Poland syndrome is unknown. Most evidence supports the idea that a vascular abnormal event happens during the sixth week of fetal development. How to treat it? The surgery takes place under general anesthesia and lasts less than 1 hour. The surgeon prepares the locus to the size of the implant after performing an 8-cm axillary incision and inserts the implant beneath the skin. The implant will replace the pectoralis major muscle, thus enabling the thorax to be symmetrical and, in women, the breast as well. If necessary, especially in the case of women, a second operation will complement the result by the implantation of a breast implant and / or lipofilling. Poland syndrome surgery cost: The cost of surgery depends on a variety of factors, including the area of your body being reconstructed, the severity of the deformity, and your insurance coverage. Any related costs, such as anesthesia, are billed separately. Sessions can cost around $100 each, depending on the provider and your insurance coverage. OVERVIEW When diagnosed, Poland syndrome is treatable. Still, the severity of the condition varies from person to person, with doctors being able to better predict the outlook for mild cases. #Polandsyndrome #anomalia #genetics #geneticdisease #hereditary #doctor #medical #medicaldoctor