Mukanda (Luchazi rites of passage) - Chikuza na tundanda скачать в хорошем качестве

Mukanda (Luchazi rites of passage) - Chikuza na tundanda

A mukanda is the circumcision school for the boys and is the doorway into adult life for Luchazi boys. The circumcision process is the transitional period during which boys are transformed into young adult men and is held during dry season. Mukanda play a very significant role in the passage rites of boys in the Luchazi society. Circumcision is the traditional heritage handed from generation to generation from time immemorial. Every Luchazi parent is expected to have his son or male ward circumcised upon attainment of appropriate age. During their stay at mukanda, the boys now called tundanda undergo a series of rites and experiences some of which would appear to be cruel under normal circumstances. There, under the supervision of their warden called Cilombola, they are put through a course of sprouts. This entailed short rations, teasing, and frightening. They are each subjected to sleeping in the open air in an individual roofless enclosure of small sticks with an opening at the roof and fire on either side. This is the period during which they are trained to take on physical hazards, and the moral fibre to withstand any temptation to reveal secrets and rites imparted to them. Under the tutelage of their Vilombola (wardens) the tundanda (initiates) are taught many useful skills and manners. They are taught to obey orders and instructions from their parents/guardians without question, to participate in doing manual work, to eat their food communally with their fellow tundanda, to regard one another as blood friends etc. They are also taught survival skills such as how to trap small game and to fetch firewood from the bush. They are also taught the art of observation, and the difficult art of hunting big game.