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Organization Development Defined

Organization development (OD) is an interdisciplinary field with contributions from business, industrial/organizational psychology, human resources management, communication, sociology, and many other disciplines. Not surprisingly, for a field with such diverse intellectual roots, there are many definitions of organization development. In a study of 27 definitions of organization development published since 1969, there were as many as 60 different variables listed in those definitions. Nonetheless, there are some points on which definitions converge. One of the most frequently cited definitions of OD is: Organization development is an effort planned, organizationwide, and managed from the top. This definition has many points that have survived the test of time, including his emphasis on organizational effectiveness, the use of behavioral science knowledge, and the inclusion of planned interventions in the organization’s functions. Some critique this definition, however, for its emphasis on planned change and its emphasis on the need to drive organizational change through top management. Organization development is the process of increasing organizational effectiveness and facilitating organizational change. These definitions include a number of consistent themes about what constitutes organization development. They propose that an outcome of OD activities is organizational effectiveness. They also each stress the applicability of knowledge gained through the social and behavioral to organizational settings.