Complete PT365 Biotechnology | Biotechnology Pt365 | Vision ias pt365 скачать в хорошем качестве

Complete PT365 Biotechnology | Biotechnology Pt365 | Vision ias pt365

Complete PT365 Biotechnology | Biotechnology Pt365 | Vision ias pt365 #pt365biotechnology #pt365 #pt365biotechnology #upsc2026 This video from Education Wire Civil Services covers the PT365 Biotechnology 2026 series, focusing on Science and Technology for the UPSC and other competitive exams. The instructor outlines the key topics that will be discussed in the approximately 4.5 to 5-hour session, emphasizing that this class alone should cover about 90% of the questions related to biotechnology in the UPSC Prelims, which typically include 12 to 15 questions (2:06). Here's a breakdown of the main sections and their highlights: Biotechnology (3:16-3:47): This is the primary focus, as approximately 80% of biotechnology questions in the UPSC come from this area. The discussion begins with an explanation of gene technology, defining a gene as a complete information packet of an individual and the fundamental unit of DNA (7:51). It covers the structure of DNA, RNA, and the role of chromosomes (8:26). Information and Computing Technology (3:53-4:20): This section will cover four to five crucial topics within IT and computing. Developments Related to Physics (4:23-4:33): This part will delve into concepts like neutrinos and black hole mergers. Space Technology (4:41-4:52): The fourth major topic focuses on advancements in space technology. Health (4:54-5:05): The video will touch upon health-related topics, which usually account for one to two questions in the UPSC. Defense (5:08-5:32): This section will discuss different types of missiles (ballistic, cruise, Agni Prime), warships, and missions undertaken by the Indian government. Alternative Energy (5:32-6:02): The instructor plans to explain renewable energy, including green, brown, grey, and black energy concepts, as well as lithium-ion batteries, thermal batteries, and hydro-cells. The Tokamak reactor (5:59) is also mentioned as a highly discussed topic. Miscellaneous (6:05-6:17): This final section will cover any remaining important topics not categorized elsewhere. The video then delves into Gene Technology in detail, explaining: Gene and DNA (7:51-10:52): A gene is described as the basic unit of DNA that encodes all genetic information. It mentions that human cells contain both DNA and RNA, and DNA has a double helix structure (9:47). The discovery of the DNA double helix by James Watson and his recent passing are noted (10:14). Genes are entire sets of instructions from DNA found in a cell, with 23 pairs (46 total) of chromosomes in humans (10:36). Gametes (sperm and egg cells) are mature reproductive cells with a haploid number of chromosomes (10:57). Genome Sequencing (11:30-14:56): This process involves determining the precise order of base pairs in an individual's DNA strand. It helps in predicting and diagnosing diseases like cancer, especially hereditary conditions, and identifying genetic variants (12:00). It's also used in paternity testing (13:57) and agriculture to identify disease-resistant and climate-resilient crop traits (14:37). Gene Editing vs. Genetic Engineering (15:06-17:19): The instructor uses an analogy of a broken chair to distinguish between gene editing (fixing the broken part) and genetic engineering (replacing the broken part with a new one). CRISPR-Cas9 (17:40) is introduced as a molecular scissor, a protein that cuts out unwanted gene variants. First Gene-Edited Sheep in India (18:35-20:00): Researchers from Kashmir University, in collaboration with ICAR, have developed India's first gene-edited sheep. They edited the myostatin gene in a lamb, resulting in a 30% increase in muscle growth, similar to European Texel sheep. This is not considered a transgenic animal as no foreign DNA was introduced. Types of Gene Editing (20:35-22:33): Somatic Gene Editing (20:42): Modifies cells in the body but does not affect reproductive cells (sperm or egg), meaning changes are not passed on to future generations. Germline Gene Editing (21:05): Modifies reproductive cells, allowing changes to be inherited by offspring. This is more controversial due to ethical implications. Gene Editing Technologies (22:35-24:06): Various technologies are mentioned, including Zinc Finger Nucleases, TALENs, CRISPR-Cas9, and Homing Endonucleases (Mega Nucleases). An illustration of how gene editing works at the cellular level is provided (23:31). . pt365 biotechnology pt365 biotechnology 2026 PT365 Biotechnology science and technology pt365 science and technology biotechnology pt365 vision ias pt365 PT365 biotechnology 2026 pt365 biotechnology 2026 pt365 biotechnology #upsc2026 #pt365biotechnology #biotechnology #ptscience #science #technology #pt365techenoloy #upsc #upsc2026 #upsc2026 #educationwirecivilservices #upsc #educationwire