校 薪邪褋 胁褘 屑芯卸械褌械 锌芯褋屑芯褌褉械褌褜 斜械褋锌谢邪褌薪芯 讚讙讬诐 - 谞砖讬诪讛 讘讚讙讬诐 懈谢懈 褋泻邪褔邪褌褜 胁 屑邪泻褋懈屑邪谢褜薪芯屑 写芯褋褌褍锌薪芯屑 泻邪褔械褋褌胁械, 胁懈写械芯 泻芯褌芯褉芯械 斜褘谢芯 蟹邪谐褉褍卸械薪芯 薪邪 褞褌褍斜. 袛谢褟 蟹邪谐褉褍蟹泻懈 胁褘斜械褉懈褌械 胁邪褉懈邪薪褌 懈蟹 褎芯褉屑褘 薪懈卸械:
袝褋谢懈 泻薪芯锌泻懈 褋泻邪褔懈胁邪薪懈褟 薪械
蟹邪谐褉褍蟹懈谢懈褋褜
袧袗袞袦袠孝袝 袟袛袝小鞋 懈谢懈 芯斜薪芯胁懈褌械 褋褌褉邪薪懈褑褍
袝褋谢懈 胁芯蟹薪懈泻邪褞褌 锌褉芯斜谢械屑褘 褋芯 褋泻邪褔懈胁邪薪懈械屑 胁懈写械芯, 锌芯卸邪谢褍泄褋褌邪 薪邪锌懈褕懈褌械 胁 锌芯写写械褉卸泻褍 锌芯 邪写褉械褋褍 胁薪懈蟹褍
褋褌褉邪薪懈褑褘.
小锌邪褋懈斜芯 蟹邪 懈褋锌芯谢褜蟹芯胁邪薪懈械 褋械褉胁懈褋邪 ClipSaver.ru
讛转讻谞讬诐 讛讜驻拽讜 讘砖讬转讜祝 讘讬谉 讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟转 转诇-讗讘讬讘 讜讛讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟讛 讛驻转讜讞讛 驻专讜驻住讜专 讚讜讚 注讬诇诐 诪讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟转 转诇 讗讘讬讘 讛诪讜爪讙讬诐 砖讬讬讻讬诐 诇讘讬转 讛住驻专 诇讝讜讗讜诇讜讙讬讛 讘讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟转 转诇-讗讘讬讘 讜诇诪讜讝讬讗讜谉 讛讟讘注 注"砖 砖讟讬讬谞讛专讚讟 专砖讬诪转 讘注诇讬 讝讻讜讬讜转 讛讬讜爪专讬诐 Credit List 讗谞讜 诪讜讚讬诐 诇讘注诇讬 讝讻讜讬讜转 讛讬讜爪专讬诐 注诇 讛专砖讜转 诇讛砖转诪砖 讘驻专讬讟讬诐 讛诪讜驻讬注讬诐 讘讛专爪讗讛 讝讜. We are grateful to the copyright holders who granted their permission to use the items that appear in this lecture. Detailed X-ray skeleton visualisation of teleost fish isolated on black background. MP cz / Shutterstock Close-up of shark gills. Reindo / Shutterstock Checking freshness of fish, open gills. photopixel/ Shutterstock Gills of the tuna bonita. Fishing in the Pacific ocean. ArtDary / Shutterstock Pharynx and gill rakers in an estuary cod. By Rob and Stephanie Levy - originally posted to Flickr as he had Two hooks in. Hard to get out cuzz you can't stick your finger in his mouth. I learned that last fishing trip the hard way. (after the bloody thing had been in the boat an hour) Once bitten twice shy. CC BY 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... File:Gills.jpg By United States Fish Commission - Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission United States Fish Commission url, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... The red gills inside a detached tuna head (viewed from behind). By Chris 73 / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... Gills of fish under the microscope. (soft focus and have Grain/Noise). Rattiya Thongdumhyu / Shutterstock 诪讘谞讛 讛讝讬诪讬诐 讘讚讙讬 讙专诐. 讘讗讚讬讘讜转 讗诇讻住 讚讜专驻诪谉. 讗讬讱 诪拽讟讬谞讬诐 讗转 讛诪专讞拽 (dX) 讚专讻讜 诪转讘爪注转 讛讚讬驻讜讝讬讛? 讘讗讚讬讘讜转 讗诇讻住 讚讜专驻诪谉. Freshwater fish gills magnified 400 times. By John Alan Elson - http://www.3dham.com/animal/Freshwate..., CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... 讝专讬诪讛 谞讙讚讬转 砖诇 讛讚诐 讜讛诪讬诐 讘讗讚讬讘讜转 驻专讜驻' 讚讜讚 注讬诇诐. Fish gill structure. By 袣芯褉懈褋褌褍胁邪褔:Shao \ Anaxibia - [1], as extracted from this Commons file, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index... 讛讝专讬诪讛 讛谞讙讚讬转 诪讬讜讞讚转 诇讚讙讬诐. 讘讗讚讬讘讜转 驻专讜驻' 讚讜讚 注讬诇诐. 讛砖讬诪讜砖 讘讛专爪讗讛 讝讛 讘讬爪讬专讜转 砖讘注诇讬 讛讝讻讜讬讜转 讘讛谉 讗讬谞诐 讬讚讜注讬诐 讗讜 诇讗 讗讜转专讜 谞注砖讛 诪讻讜讞 住注讬祝 27讗 诇讞讜拽 讝讻讜转 讬讜爪专讬诐, 2007. 注砖讬谞讜 讻讻诇 讬讻讜诇转谞讜 讻讚讬 诇讗转专 讗转 讘注诇讬 讝讻讜讬讜转 讛讬讜爪专讬诐 砖诇 讻诇 讛驻专讬讟讬诐 砖谞诇拽讞讜 诪诪拽讜专讜转 讞讬爪讜谞讬讬诐. 讗谞讜 诪转谞爪诇讬诐 注诇 讻诇 讛砖诪讟讛 讗讜 讟注讜转 讜讗诐 讬讜讘讗讜 诇讬讚讬注转谞讜, 谞驻注诇 诇转拽谞谉 讘讙讬专住讗讜转 讛讘讗讜转. 讘注诇讬 讝讻讜讬讜转 讬讜爪专讬诐 讛诪讘拽砖讬诐 讻讬 谞讞讚诇 诪讛砖讬诪讜砖 讘讬爪讬专讛 讗讜 诪注讜谞讬讬谞讬诐 诇注讚讻谉 驻专讟讬诐 讞住专讬诐 讗讜 砖讙讜讬讬诐 诪转讘拽砖讬诐 诇驻谞讜转 诇诪讚讜专 讝讻讜讬讜转 讬讜爪专讬诐 讘讗讜谞讬讘专住讬讟讛 讛驻转讜讞讛. The use in this lecture of works in which copyright holders are unknown or have not been located is in accordance with section 27A of the Copyright Law, 2007.We have endeavored to trace the copyright holders of all external material. We apologize for any omission or error, and upon notification, will rectify it in future versions. Copyright holders who wish to withdraw permission for use of works or to update missing or incorrect details should contact the Permissions Department at the Open University of Israel.