Risk factors for Chronic kidney Disease скачать в хорошем качестве

Risk factors for Chronic kidney Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) develops gradually and is influenced by a combination of medical, genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Identifying these risk factors is essential for early detection, prevention, and slowing disease progression. 🩺 Major Risk Factors for CKD 🔹 1. Diabetes Mellitus Leading cause of CKD worldwide High blood sugar damages kidney blood vessels over time 🔹 2. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) Second most common cause Increased pressure damages glomeruli, impairing filtration 🔹 3. Cardiovascular Disease Heart failure and atherosclerosis reduce kidney perfusion Shared risk factors (e.g., obesity, smoking) compound damage 🔹 4. Family History of Kidney Disease Genetic predisposition increases susceptibility Includes inherited conditions like polycystic kidney disease 🔹 5. Age Over 60 Natural decline in kidney function with aging Older adults more vulnerable to comorbidities 🔹 6. Obesity Increases risk of diabetes, hypertension, and glomerular hyperfiltration Associated with metabolic syndrome 🔹 7. History of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) AKI episodes can cause permanent damage and increase CKD risk 🔹 8. Smoking and Tobacco Use Accelerates vascular damage and worsens kidney function 🔹 9. Ethnicity Higher prevalence in African, Hispanic, and South Asian populations May be linked to genetic and socioeconomic factors 🔹 10. Use of Nephrotoxic Drugs NSAIDs, certain antibiotics, and contrast agents can harm kidneys Long-term or high-dose use increases risk 🧬 Additional Contributing Factors Autoimmune diseases (e.g., lupus, vasculitis) Chronic infections (e.g., HIV, hepatitis B/C) Low birth weight or prematurity Environmental toxins (e.g., heavy metals, herbal remedies) 📊 Global Impact Over 33% of adults in the U.S. are at risk for CKD CKD prevalence is rising in developing countries due to increasing rates of diabetes and hypertension #ChronickidneyDisease