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Futures Thoughts on Public Administration

There are a few things that seem important in the overall scheme of things in public administration. First, we must reinforce the increasing importance of effectively managing public programs. More to the point, those of us not engaged in managerial activities in the public sector should recognize how crucial it is that we appreciate the complexities unique to public-sector management. We must pay more attention than we have recently to controlling bureaucratic waste, fraud, and mismanagement. Recently, these concerns have become more of a political issue, frequently involving defense spending. The role and scope of government regulation continue to be in flux. One aspect is the movement toward deregulation, though how fast, how far, and in how many areas of economic and social activity are questions still to be answered. There is precedent for pursuing at least one alternative approach: using government agency performance as a basis for comparison with private-sector performance. It is clear that sentiment has been growing for wholesale reduction of government regulations of all kinds. At the same time, perhaps not enough attention has been paid to the consequences of that course of action. Managing public personnel is another area of significant change and challenge. One example is the question of maintaining the partisan and policy neutrality of the civil service versus enhancing the political responsiveness to the chief executive that exists among administrative personnel. As we refine our theories of organization, leadership, and management control, there are limits on how widely such theories can be applied. The nature of work, workers, and organizations affect applicability of theories, leadership styles, and methods of management control. The political environment of public administration also has changed dramatically. Emphasis on both effectiveness and accountability of administrative agencies has led to numerous adjustments in their relationships to other institutions in the political system. Though acknowledging the importance of citizenship and partisanship to maintain accountability, democratic values, and equity, appointed and elected officials must respect citizens’ rights to receive full value for their tax dollars.