Скачать с ютуб 2024 上海博物馆东馆 | 历代绘画馆（上海） | Shanghai Museum East | The Painting Gallery | Guided Tour в хорошем качестве

2024 上海博物馆东馆 | 历代绘画馆（上海） | Shanghai Museum East | The Painting Gallery | Guided Tour

上海博物馆（东馆）历代绘画馆将于2024年11月13日开放。澎湃艺术近日邀请上博研究人员导览绘画馆，直面唐宋元名迹《高逸图》《雪竹图》《柳鸦芦雁图》等已就位。 花了几个小时调整字幕，由于时间有限，仍有一些疏漏。感谢大家的理解与支持！ --- 中国绘画的起源可以追溯到遥远的石器时代，史前岩画、陶制彩绘等已可见端绪。随着时代的发展和进步，绘画日益具有其独立的审美意义，中国传统绘画——“中国画”登上了历史舞台。冠以国名的“中国画”，是一种特别强调中华民族传统文化精神的东方绘画，它以特制的笔、墨、纸、砚和绢素为主要工具，运用线条和墨色的变化，以勾、皴、点、染等表现手法来描绘物象、经营位置，在世界美术领域中自成体系。 中国画主要以人物、山水、花鸟为表现对象，并形成三大画科。早在战国时代，人物画已经出现，至魏晋南北朝臻于成熟，到了唐代尤为兴盛。山水画在隋代逐渐摆脱人物画背景的附庸地位，唐宋时期进入繁荣发展阶段。花鸟画至唐五代之际，已形成具有不同风格流派的大画科。在表现技法上，中国画创造出工笔、白描、青绿、水墨、泼墨、没骨等具有典范意义的样式。 宋元以降，文人画兴起，成为画坛主流。其强调以寄兴手法抒发作者主观情志，讲求笔墨意趣，注重书法、文学等修养，追求神韵和意境。明清两代，形成摹古和创新两大艺术潮流为主、多元发展的局面，诗、书、画、印有机结合成为风尚，各种流派精彩纷呈。晚清以来，海上画派蓬勃发展，开启了国画现代化进程。岭南画派、京津画派等继起，奠定了中国近现代画坛的新格局。 --- The origin of Chinese painting can be traced back to the distant Stone Age, with prehistoric rock paintings and painted pottery already showing early signs. As time progressed, painting increasingly developed its independent aesthetic significance, leading to the emergence of traditional Chinese painting—known as "Guo Hua"—on the historical stage. Named after the country, "Guo Hua" is a form of Eastern painting that emphasizes the traditional cultural spirit of the Chinese nation. It primarily utilizes specialized tools such as brushes, ink, paper, inkstones, and silk, employing techniques like line work, shading, dotting, and dyeing to depict objects and manage composition, forming a unique system within the realm of global art. Chinese painting mainly focuses on three subjects: figures, landscapes, and flowers and birds, which have led to the formation of three major categories. As early as the Warring States period, figure painting emerged and reached maturity during the Wei, Jin, and Southern and Northern Dynasties, flourishing particularly in the Tang Dynasty. Landscape painting gradually freed itself from the subordinate role of background in figure painting during the Sui Dynasty and entered a prosperous development phase in the Tang and Song Dynasties. By the time of the Tang and Five Dynasties, flower-and-bird painting had already developed into a major category with distinct styles. In terms of expressive techniques, Chinese painting has created exemplary styles such as meticulous brushwork (Gongbi), freehand brushwork (Baimiao), blue-green landscape (Qinglv), ink wash (Shuimo), splashed ink (Pomo), and boneless style (Mogu). From the Song and Yuan Dynasties onward, literati painting emerged as the mainstream in the art world. It emphasizes expressing subjective emotions through indirect methods, focusing on brushwork aesthetics while valuing cultivation in calligraphy and literature, pursuing spiritual resonance and artistic conception. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, two major artistic trends emerged: imitation of ancient styles and innovation, leading to a diverse development landscape where poetry, calligraphy, painting, and seal carving organically combined into a fashionable trend with various schools flourishing. Since the late Qing Dynasty, the Maritime School has thrived, initiating the modernization process of Chinese painting. Subsequent schools such as Lingnan School and Beijing-Tianjin School established a new pattern for modern Chinese art. #china #shanghai #museum