Understanding Pleomorphic Adenoma Key Insights , скачать в хорошем качестве

Understanding Pleomorphic Adenoma Key Insights ,

*Pleomorphic Adenoma (Benign Mixed Tumor)* Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign salivary gland tumor, accounting for about *60-70%* of parotid gland tumors. It arises from **both epithelial and myoepithelial cells**, giving it a mixed histological appearance. --- *Clinical Features* *Common Site**: Mostly affects the **parotid gland* (80%), followed by the *submandibular gland* and *minor salivary glands* (especially the palate). **Slow-growing**, painless, firm, and mobile mass. *Well-defined, non-ulcerated, and non-tender swelling* (except in advanced cases). *Facial nerve involvement is rare* unless malignant transformation occurs. --- *Diagnosis* 1. **Clinical Examination**: Painless, firm, well-circumscribed mass. 2. **Imaging**: **Ultrasound**: Useful for initial assessment. **MRI**: Best for defining tumor extent, especially deep lobe involvement. **CT Scan**: Helps evaluate bony invasion if suspected. 3. **Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC)**: Preferred diagnostic method. Shows **mixed epithelial and myoepithelial cells in a mucoid or chondroid stroma**. 4. *Histopathology (after excision)**: Confirms diagnosis with **biphasic appearance* (epithelial & mesenchymal components). --- *Treatment* ✅ *Surgical Excision* (Treatment of Choice): *Superficial Parotidectomy* (for superficial lobe tumors). *Total Parotidectomy* (for deep lobe involvement). *Wide Local Excision* (for minor salivary gland tumors, especially on the palate). ⚠️ **Recurrence Risks**: Incomplete excision may lead to *recurrence* due to tumor "pseudopodia" or capsule rupture. *Malignant transformation* (~5% cases) can lead to carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma. Would you like to discuss complications or prognosis in detail? 😊