From Click to Conviction: Understanding Online Radicalization and Extremism скачать в хорошем качестве

From Click to Conviction: Understanding Online Radicalization and Extremism

Online radicalization is a long-standing phenomenon in which individuals progressively adopt extremist beliefs through digital exposure, social reinforcement, and grievance validation; often without direct contact with formal organizations. While the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria accelerated and optimized online recruitment in 2014 through social media and algorithmic amplification, the underlying behavioral pathways predate ISIS by decades. Early jihadist movements such as al-Qaeda, along with far-right ecosystems like Stormfront and National Alliance networks, demonstrated that online self-radicalization emerged as soon as the internet enabled anonymous ideological communities, propaganda dissemination, and grievance reinforcement. Over the past 30–35 years, these dynamics have been extensively studied by the FBI and academic researchers, many of whom conceptualize radicalization as a gradual, step-based process rather than an impulsive act.