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In this video, we’re tearing down one of the most common lies ever taught about the Middle Ages: that medieval society was a rigid, top-down hierarchy with kings at the top and peasants stuck forever at the bottom. From free urban citizens in medieval London to the ministeriales of the Holy Roman Empire, and from peasant revolts to legal paths to freedom, the truth is way more complex—and way more interesting—than the pyramid you saw in school. We’ll break down three of the biggest myths about feudalism: That the feudal structure was simple and universal That all peasants were basically slaves That feudalism was the same across all of Europe You’ll learn why serfs weren’t slaves, why “social mobility” wasn’t just a modern idea, and how feudalism looked completely different depending on where and when you lived. If you’ve ever asked: • “Was feudalism really that bad?” • “Did peasants have rights?” • “Was there actually a strict feudal hierarchy?” This video is for you. Timestamps 0:00 - Intro: You’ve Been Lied to About Feudalism 0:44 - Why the Feudal Pyramid Is a Myth 1:29 - The Three Estates and Urban Freedom 2:02 - Medieval London’s Surprising Liberties 3:29 - John Ball and the Peasants’ Revolt 4:00 - Ministeriales: Unfree Knights and Social Mobility 4:38 - Peasants vs. Slaves: What’s the Difference? 5:30 - How Peasants Gained Freedom 7:52 - Why Feudalism Was Different Everywhere 9:09 - Ireland, Byzantium, and Alternative Systems 10:04 - Final Thoughts: Rethinking Medieval Society Works Cited Bloch, Marc. Feudal Society. Vol. 1, Translated by L.A. Manyon, University of Chicago Press, 1961. Harding, Alan. Medieval Law and the Foundations of the State. Oxford University Press, 2002. Hilton, R. H. Bond Men Made Free: Medieval Peasant Movements and the English Rising of 1381. Routledge, 1973. Jones, Dan. The Plantagenets: The Warrior Kings and Queens Who Made England. Viking, 2013. Le Goff, Jacques. Medieval Civilization 400–1500. Translated by Julia Barrow, Basil Blackwell, 1988. Background Music "Nymphs" by Varvitos: • Varvitos - Nymphs (Fantasy Synth) [2024]