Constitutional Convention, 1787: Independence Hall | State House, Philadelphia | US Constitution скачать в хорошем качестве

Constitutional Convention, 1787: Independence Hall | State House, Philadelphia | US Constitution

Join this channel to get access to weekly posts:    / @jeffreythelibrarian   How was the Constitution written? In 1787, Shays' Rebellion in Massachusetts and issues with interstate trade make many Founding Fathers think that the Articles of Confederation needed to be amended. A new convention is set for Philadelphia. James Madison convinces other Virginia delegates to outline a new government. This "Virginia Plan" is brought to the Convention by Edmund Randolph in May, 1787. The Virginia Plan calls for a national government with three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial. The Virginia plan also calls for a bicameral Legislature (Congress) in which both houses would have representation determined by state population. A census would be needed to tabulate representation. However, William Paterson of New Jersey shares the issues the small states have will representation by population. He wants each state to have the same representation, in order to preserve state sovereignty. Alexander Hamilton dislikes both plans. He favors a strong executive that he calls a "monarch." Oliver Ellsworth of Connecticut offers a compromise. One house of Congress would be based on state population. The other would be equal between the states. The representation issue becomes more challenging as South Carolina argues that slaves should be included in state population. Gouverner Morris of Pennsylvania opposes this, arguing that it is illogical that a state would gain more representation in Congress through slavery. A compromise is found here. Slaves will count as three-fifths of a person in state population. On September 17, the delegates sign the new Constitution. George Mason, Elbridge Gerry, and Edmund Randolph refuse to sign it. The Constitution will now go to Congress and then to the states for ratification. Congress is active in New York City during the Constitutional Convention. They develop the Northwest Ordinance of 1787, which provides that the future Great Lakes states will not have slavery, will have religious freedom, and will have public schools. A short film by Jeffrey Meyer.