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Hypoxemia and How it is Quantified

This is a series of tutorials on hypoxemia that looks at the identification and quantification of the problem, the mechanisms behind hypoxemia, oxygen therapy and will lead to discussions on CPAP and PEEP and provide a platform for understanding Pressure Controlled Modes of Ventilation. The first tutorial looks at oxyhemoglobin saturation, why the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve is essential knowledge for the practicing clinician, how pulse oximeters work and how to quantify hypoxemia (A-aO2 gradient and PaO2/FiO2 ratio). @ccmtutorials www.ccmtutorials.org 00:25 Introduction 01:20 Review of Previous Tutorials 02:10 Clinical Scenario – Ronnie 03:00 Hypoxia – Anoxia – Hypoxemia 04:00 Monitoring Oxygenation 06:18 Oxygen as a Gas 07:40 Understanding Hemoglobin and Oxygen Carriage 09:00 The Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 13:00 Oxygen Content of Blood 17:30 Oxygen Delivery 19:25 Pulse Oximetry 21:35 SaO2 versus SpO2 24:30 How the Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve Shifts Rightwards and Leftwards 28:00 What is 2,3-DPG? 30:00 Clinical Scenario Ronnie SpO2 86% 32:30 How do we Quantify Hypoxemia? 33:25 Alveolar Gas Equation 36:20 A-aO2 Gradient 39:00 Understanding the PF (PaO2/FiO2) Ratio 42:20 Review of this Tutorial 44:10 Preview of Next Tutorial and Wrap