Հաղ. 56։Պայքար скачать в хорошем качестве

Հաղ. 56։Պայքար

Լեսսօն 48. THRYPES Currently, this insect is one of the most dangerous pests for many crops, with an average length of 2-3 mm, and a maximum of 14 mm. The adult insect has small, often underdeveloped wings, and the color of the insect is different: brown, black, gray, bluish and even yellowish. The harm of thrips lies in the fact that by sucking the sap of plants, they can lead to their complete destruction. Thrips cause great damage not only to flowering plants, but also to fruit and berry crops, cereals, and many indoor and field species. They can give up to 15 generations per year, and lay up to 100 eggs in each place of the formation. They go through life as eggs, larvae, pathonympha, nymph, imago and adult stages, and at all stages, thrips lead a hidden life in various organs of the plant: in the foliage, in the flower, in the root system, etc. About 2000 species of thrips are known, the most common of which are polyphagous, western flower-eating, tobacco, rose, etc. Thrips cause damage to cultivated plants: Solanaceae - tomato, potato, eggplant, pepper, etc. Cereal crops - wheat, barley,. Corn, etc. Ornamental crops; Gourd crops - from the Cucurbitaceae and other families - cucumber, pumpkin, squash, melon, watermelon, etc. Liliaceae (Allium) - onion, garlic, asparagus, etc. Flowering plants and others. Most cultivated plants are severely damaged by polyphagous, florivorous and tobacco thrips.  High temperatures. The optimal temperature for their reproduction is 15-300C. At 200C, the development from egg to adult stage of thrips takes about 22 days, and at 300C - 15 days. Signs of damage Small blisters appear on the leaf blades, The buds, stem and inflorescences are deformed, Young leaves are covered with gray, yellowish, silvery or brown spots, Discolored areas appear on the plants, which are partially or completely discolored, Slimy production and black dots are sometimes observed on the leaves, which are the result of the vital activity of the insect, The petals of the flowers are partially or completely discolored, Thrips damage is sometimes confused with damage caused by mites. Thrips also cause great damage during seedling growth, sucking the sap from the seedlings, as a result of which they are deformed and often die. There are 100 species of Thrips, but the most dangerous are -Western Flower Thrips, which is classified as a quarantine pest and because of which Russian border guards in Lars prohibit the import of Armenian vegetables and flowers. Here, the most important thing, as you understand, is dirty politics, but now.. Western Flower Thrips can destroy any indoor, greenhouse and field culture, if a fight against it is not organized in time; -Tobacco Thrips, which causes great damage to vegetable plants and weeds; -Thrips of onion plants, ornamental plants, etc. -Thrips not only suck the sap of plants, damage not only the petals and stamens of flowering plants, but also are carriers of various fungal diseases. That is why I recommend that you mix antifungal preparations with the single-agent poisons used to combat thrips. Almost every day I visit different regions of the country and I always hear complaints from farmers about the difficulty of combating this insect, the damage it causes, and they ask, What modern methods and means of combating thrips are there? Methods of combating and their effectiveness I must say that the fight against any insect or widespread disease should be organized in a complex way, that is, not to rely on only one method, for example, on the use of poisons, and at the same time not to neglect such methods of combating as mechanical, biological, territorial isolation, selection new varieties and hybrids application methods. They should be used together. Conditions conducive to development -Failure to organize timely control, -Weeds growing in the vicinity, -Improper agrotechnics in open and covered soil, -Continuous application of the same pesticide several times during chemical control, etc. FIGHT AGAINST THRYPS -Agrotechnical, , Biological, Chemical, folk. Agrotechnical and preventive control -Elimination of weed vegetation in the area and surroundings, Regular inspections, timely implementation of agrotechnical measures, -Use of means preventing THRYPS from entering the greenhouse, use of protective nets (on windows and doors), -Maintaining sanitary conditions. Thrips LOVE dry and warm areas. This information can also be used to combat them. Thrips DO NOT like cold and humid environments. This means that if we regularly spray indoor and greenhouse plants with water, the likelihood of Thrips infestation will be greatly reduced. -Hang blue adhesive tapes or pheromone traps in greenhouses; -Use of crop rotations, -Disinfection of greenhouse soil, equipment and tools, -Autumn soil frost protection and proper agrotechnics......... Disinfection of greenhouse soil, equipment and tools, Autumn soil frost protection and proper agrotechnics,