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When a law student, judiciary aspirant, or constitutional law enthusiast thinks about the most landmark judgments in Indian constitutional history, the very first case that comes to mind is Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973). Popularly known as the Basic Structure Doctrine Case, the Kesavananda Bharati judgment is often described as the “case that saved Indian democracy.” This historic decision permanently altered the relationship between the Parliament and the Judiciary, ensuring that while Parliament has wide powers to amend the Constitution, it cannot destroy its basic structure. In this half-hour master class, I take you through a comprehensive and student-friendly analysis of the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973), with special focus on the prior constitutional history that led to this monumental verdict. This video is designed especially for law students, judiciary aspirants, UPSC, PCS-J, CLAT PG, AIBE, and other competitive examinations. The judgment was delivered on 24th April 1973 by the largest Constitutional Bench (13 judges) ever constituted in India and laid down the Basic Structure Doctrine, which continues to guide constitutional interpretation even today. 🔍 What makes this video different? ✔ Prior history explained in detail ✔ Clear understanding of constitutional amendments ✔ Parliament vs Judiciary conflict simplified ✔ Judicial review & 9th Schedule explained ✔ Exam-oriented + conceptual clarity ✔ Presented as a poster-style master class, not a boring lecture ⏱️ Detailed Time-Stamps / Chapters 00:00 – Introduction to Basic Structure Doctrine (Kesavananda Bharati Case (1973)) Starting with understanding the history behind the case, why this case is the backbone of Indian constitutional law. 01:34 – 1942 Kumarappan Committee Background facts, land ceiling laws, and why in India situations became tense and the ground for the basic structure doctrine related case to occur. 04:30 – Constitution Article 39(b) & (c) were followed to redistribute the lands owned by zamindars of India. Aimed to achieve the common good by the distribution of the natural resources given to the Indian community. 05:50 Constitution Article 31A and 31B were added, and 31 was diluted to enable the parliament to redistribute the lands of India. 07:17 – Art 13 does not allow the dilution or violation of fundamental rights, and 31 was a fundamental right. Art 368 allows you to tweak or amend an Article of the Constitution of India. 08:00 Quick revision of all the instances that led the tussle between the supporters of Art 13 and Art 368. 08:55 Parliament’s response to judicial decisions and the expansion of amending powers.How earlier judgments like Shankari Prasad, Sajjan Singh, and Golaknath shaped the conflict. 12:25 – 9th Schedule & Judicial Review Can laws placed in the 9th Schedule be challenged? The answer that changed everything. 13:57 Sajjan Singh case, the first case where the basic structure doctrine was discussed. 18:55 Golaknath case. 19:48 Keshav Nanda Bhart vs State of Kerela 1973 ⚖️ Why Kesavananda Bharati Case is So Important? • Introduced the Basic Structure Doctrine • Limited Parliament’s amending power under Article 368 • Strengthened Judicial Review • Protected fundamental constitutional values • Preserved democracy, federalism, and rule of law • Forms the foundation of later cases like Minerva Mills, Waman Rao, IR Coelho This judgment is not just a case — it is a constitutional safeguard that ensures India remains a constitutional democracy, not a majoritarian state. 🎓 Who Should Watch This Video? ✔ Law students (LLB / LLM) ✔ Judiciary aspirants (PCS-J / APO / RJS / DJS) ✔ UPSC & State PSC aspirants ✔ CLAT PG & AIBE candidates ✔ Anyone studying Constitutional Law ✔ Learners who want conceptual clarity + exam relevance 📌 If you found this video useful, do like, share, and subscribe to Judicial Opinion. 📌 Feel free to leave your questions or doubts in the comments — I’ll be happy to help. 📌 Wishing you ALL THE BEST for your exams and legal journey! 🔖 Hashtags (SEO-Optimised) #kesavanandabharti #kesavanandabharati #basicstructuredoctrine #indianconstitutionandpolity #constitutionallaws #landmarkjudgments #judicialreview #parliamentvsjudiciary #9thschedule #article368 #judiciarypreparationhindi #lawstudentsindia #judicialopinion #indianjudiciary #constitutionofindia #upsclaw #pcsjsyllabus #clatpg2026 #AIBE #lawlectures #lawyoutube #legaleducationindia #upsc #upscmotivation #upsc2025 #upscaspirants #upscpreparation #upscprelims #upscoptionalsubject #upscoptionalsubjects #upscoptional #Golaknath #supremecourtofindia