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A Grade Literature Review

Write an A Grade Literature Review When you write a research paper, a thesis, or a dissertation, you will have to conduct a literature review to anchor your research within existing knowledge. There are five main steps in writing a literature review. 1. Search for relevant literature. 2. Evaluate sources. 3. Identify themes, debates and gaps. 4. Outline the structure. 5. Write your literature review. STEP ONE: Search for relevant literature You will search for literature related to your research problem and question. Make a list of keywords related to your hypothesis or research question. For example: Topic: “Risk Factors and Falls Among Elderly older than 65 years.” Research question: Can fall education and a balance exercise program reduce fear of falling, among seniors (aged 65-85) in an assisted living facility in Atlanta? Key words: “Fall education,” “balance exercise,” “fear of falling,” “elderly,” “Assisted living facility.” Conduct searches: Use your key words to search for relevant sources in peer reviewed journals and databases recommended by your department or advisor. STEP TWO: Evaluate and select sources Choose research articles wisely: Is the research question or problem similar to your own? Are the key theories, models and methods useful to your research? Is the research framework useful for your research? What are the results and conclusions of the study? Does the study confirm, add to, or challenge research in the area of study? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the research? Take notes: Remember to take notes and record your sources following APA or your department’s preferred format, to avoid plagiarism. STEP THREE: Identify themes, debates and gaps THEMES: What questions or concepts occur across the literature? DEBATES: Do the sources disagree? Are there any theories or studies that changed the direction of the field? GAPS: What is missing from the literature? What weaknesses are there that need to be addressed? For example: “Walking programs have been shown to have significant effect on fall prevention and the number of falls in the elderly. However, the fear of falling can also be impacted by behavior change modifications, instead of physical change modifications alone. Since, there is a paucity of studies that utilize both physical and behavior modification, a multifaceted educational program that utilizes balance training and education should be effective in reducing fear of falling in older adults.” STEP FOUR: Outline your literature review’s structure CHRONOLOGICAL: You analyze patterns, turning points and key debates that have shaped the direction of the field. THEMATIC: You organize your literature review into subsections that address different aspects of the topic. METHODOLOGICAL: If your sources are taken from different disciplines or fields that use different research methods, you could: (1) Look at results that emerged in quantitative versus qualitative research, (2) Discuss the topic from an empirical versus a theoretical perspective, (3) Divide the literature into sociological, historical and cultural sources. THEORETICAL: You can discuss the theoretical framework and argue for the relevance of a specific theoretical approach or combine various theoretical concepts to form the framework for your research. STEP FIVE: Write your literature review Organize it into an Introduction, a Main Body, and a Conclusion. INTRODUCTION: You discuss the purpose of the literature review. MAIN BODY: You divide your main body into subsections. Use a subsection for each theme, time period, or methodological approach. Remember to summarize and synthesize the previous studies that are relevant to your hypothesis or research question. Analyze and interpret and critically evaluate the findings to give a clear picture on the research topic discussed in your literature review. Critically evaluate or mention the strengths and weaknesses. The important focus should be the determination of what this study will add to what is already known. The review can also provide ideas of what methods and instruments can be used to collect the data. Organize your paragraphs using transitions and topic sentences. CONCLUSION Summarize the key findings and emphasize their significance.