GENERAL PHYSICAL EXAMINATION скачать в хорошем качестве

GENERAL PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

• Right side approach • Introduction • Take consent • Position and exposure • GPE The General Physical Examination (GPE) in children includes: Observation (inspection) Palpation Recording vital signs -pulse, blood pressure, respiratory rate and temperature Measuring height, weight and head circumference ( interpreted on growth chart ) • Cover the patient • Greetings General Appearance (Observation) Apparent age Built of the child Degree of illness -mild, moderate or severe Conscious level Posture Nutritional status -normal, obese or undernourished State of hydration Behavior Skin Look for: Pallor, cyanosis, jaundice. Dehydration Edema Rash distribution; type (macular, papular, vesicular, pustular, scaly, lichenif ied etc) Purpuric spots Scratch marks Pigmentation (hypo or hyper). Cranium Note: Head: size, shape, circumference, bossing of forehead. Fontanels: size, bulging or sunken, closure (normal, early or late) Sutures: separated or closed Distribution of scalp hair Bruit. Ears Pinna for deformities, low set ears (it means ears are below the line joining outer angle of the eye to the external occipital protuberance). Auditory canal for inflammation. Tympanic membrane for congestion, perforation. Mastoid for swelling and tenderness. Face Look for: Hair Symmetry of the face Movements of the face during crying of the child Abnormal facial characteristics, like those in mongolism, cretinism. Eyes Look for: Puffiness around the eyes Mongolian slant (upward and outward) Hypertelorism (increased distance between the eyes) Epicanthic folds (skin folds covering inner can th us of eyes) Lacrimation, discharge Exophthalmos, enophthalmos Conjunctiva! pallor, redness, xerosis (dryness) Yellowness of sclera Corneal opacity. + Squint. + Cataract. + Eye movements, nystagmus Nose Look for: Shape Bridge of nose (normal or depressed) Movements of alae nasi indicate respiratory distress Patency of the nostrils Color of nasal mucosa Nasal discharge. Mouth Hare lip (cleft lip) Fissure at the angle of the mouth ( cheilosis) Mucosa: color (cyanosis, pallor), ulcers, thrush, Koplik's spots (see below) Teeth: number, position, caries, mottling, discoloration, notching Gums: bleeding, swelling Tongue: size ( tongue is enlarged in cretinism), surface, color (pallor, cyanosis) Cleft palate Tonsils: size, color, exudate on surface. Neck Look for: Webbing of neck (it is seen in Turner's syndrome) Retraction (it indicates meningitis or tetanus) Movements of the neck Neck rigidity Lymph nodes Thyroid Any other swelling, eg cystic hygroma Neck veins Spine and Back Look for: Kyphosis, scoliosis, lordosis, gibbus Spina bifida ( usually there is a tuft of hair or a sinus at that site) Meningocele or meningomyelocele (a midline sac of produded meninges covered by skin or membrane) Tenderness Sacral edema Thorax and Abdomen Look for: General contour Position of nipples Any deformity of thorax Abdominal protuberance Umbilicus Genitalia Hands Look for: Pallor Cyanosis Clubbing Koilonychia Splinter hemorrhages Extra digits (polydactyly) Syndactyly (fused fingers) Simian crease on hands (single transverse palmar crease) sweating Palmar erythema Extremities Look for: Lymph nodes: axillary, inguinal Legs: deformities like bowleg, knock-knee Joints: movements. swelling, redness, Feet Deformities, eg, club foot (talipes equinovarus) Edema feet Sacral edema #temperature #BP #BLOODPRESSURE #PULSE #HEADCIRCUMFERENCE #MALNUTRITION #nephroticsyndrome #Gpe #physical #examination #clinicalexamination #diagosis #paeds OSCE #OSPE #WARDS #finalyearwards #examination #assessment #motorsystem #motor_assessment #DrAbdulWahid #drabdulwahidsajjad #viraldoctor #doctor #doctorlife #medicalcollege #medicine #surgery #Gynae #peads #pediatrics #gynecology #clinicalexamination #mbbs #hospital #humanity #funny #viral #reels #shorts #wards #anatomy #physiology #pathology #University #kingedwardmedicalcollege #HOSPITAL #uhs #pmc #AIMS #medicallife #doctorlife #medschool #examinationofabdomin #abdominalexamination #GIT #cvs #cns #cnsexamination #cvsexamination #respiration #Respiratorysystemexamination #examinationofhernia #pulse #heart_sounds #heart #viraldoctor #wards #shortcase #longcase #fcps #NEET #pakistan #india #asia #macleod #davidson #oxford #harvard #Cambridge #surgery #osce #ospe #fcps #case #mrcs #mrcp #usmle #plab