LECTURE 8:Informal Urban Housing Areas скачать в хорошем качестве

LECTURE 8:Informal Urban Housing Areas

At the end of this lecture you will: Get the meaning of informal settlements, slums, shanty towns, and squatter and unplanned areas Appreciate the compulsion to live in such areas Know the economic and social cost of living in informal areas Get to know some approaches that have been undertaken to address such areas Contemplate future policy directions The majority, or a substantive proportion of residents of urban areas in African cities live in unregulated housing areas. These go by various names including: Slum: A heavily populated area with substandard housing and squalor, lacking infrastructure, amenities Shanty town: implies make-shift and chaotically built housing area. Squatter area: means that the land on which a settlement has developed is illegally occupied Informal settlements: An area developed without adhering to regulations. Unplanned area: area developed without a formal plan In the literature, the word “slum” is prevalently used A “True” slum has makeshift or dilapidated buildings, high population densities, squalid neighbourhood conditions, poor or lacking public infrastructure and amenities, lack formal ownership and development documents and is occupied by low income households. There are cases where issues of anti-social behavior are associated with slums Settlements vary, so we prefer to use the term: INFORMAL AREAS Buildings are irregularly put up, lacking a cognizable land use plan Quality of buildings low, sometimes makeshift Lack or have scant and non-standardized public infrastructure such as roads, drains, public spaces Many buildings inaccessible by motorized vehicles Water, sanitation, electricity and waste management services: poor or non-existent Some areas are on marginal, hazardous, land Tenacious land tenure legality High occupancy rates, overcrowding