MMDR ACT: Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2025 | UPSC Current affairs скачать в хорошем качестве

MMDR ACT: Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2025 | UPSC Current affairs

India has entered a new era of mineral governance with the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Amendment Act, 2025 (MMDR Act 2025) — a landmark step linking economic growth, clean energy, and national security. Passed by Parliament in September 2025, this amendment modernizes the mining framework first established in 1957 and focuses on ensuring a sustainable, transparent, and self-reliant mineral supply chain. The 2025 Act empowers India to explore, produce, and trade critical and strategic minerals essential for EV batteries, renewable energy infrastructure, defense technologies, and digital manufacturing. It introduces the National Mineral Exploration and Development Trust (NMEDT), expands lease flexibility, creates digital mineral exchanges, and allows open market sales for captive mines. With this reform, India aims to reduce its dependence on China, enhance industrial competitiveness, and unlock over ₹8,700 crore in funding for exploration. It strengthens governance through zero-waste mining, community participation, and real-time transparency mechanisms. The Act also complements India’s broader vision of “Atmanirbhar Minerals, Atmanirbhar Bharat” — securing resources for EVs, semiconductors, solar energy, and defense, while ensuring environmental sustainability and equitable growth across states. For aspirants of UPSC IAS, State PCS, and other government exams, this topic is vital under: GS Paper 3: Economy, Infrastructure, Energy & Industrial Growth GS Paper 2: Governance, Transparency, and Policy Reform Prelims: Acts, Amendments, and National Missions By 2035, this reform could transform India into a global mineral hub, powering “Made in India, Powered by Indian Minerals.” #MMDRAct2025 #CriticalMineralsIndia #UPSCIAS #StatePCS #IndianEconomy #CurrentAffairs2025 #MineralReformsIndia #CleanEnergyIndia #EVBatteryIndia #brainrootsias #gsdhillon #MiningPolicy #AtmanirbharBharat #RenewableEnergyIndia #DefenceProduction #DigitalEconomyIndia #UPSCPreparation #GeographyOptional #EconomicDevelopmentIndia #MiningSectorReform #IndiaIndustrialGrowth #ParliamentBills2025